|
INVESTIGATIONS
Stone |
RI min |
RI max |
Biref min |
Biref max |
Dens min |
Dens max |
Colour |
Locality |
Info |
ne min |
ne max |
no min |
no max |
Spectrum |
UVS |
UVL |
Reference |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.53 |
1.55 |
0 |
0.006 |
2.56 |
2.57 |
dark green |
Bolivia |
Chrome chalcedony,
translucent, chelsea: bright red |
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
yellowish |
The Journal of Gemmology
1999 Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
Chalcedony-Jasper |
1.53 |
1.55 |
|
|
2.43 |
2.51 |
brownish (olive) green to
green |
|
translucent to opaque |
|
|
|
|
cutoff at about 460 nm, and
faint bands at 500 and 520 nm |
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 1996 Summer, p131 |
Chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.54 |
|
|
2.48 |
2.65 |
pale blue + white |
|
quench crackled + dyed,
beads, larimar imitation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2020 Summer p281 |
Chalcedony |
1.531 |
1.539 |
|
|
2.55 |
2.57 |
bluish green |
Africa |
"aquaprase", translucent |
|
|
|
|
faint, narrow lines in the
red |
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2015 Winter, p452-454 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.532 |
1.54 |
0 |
0.005 |
2.56 |
2.58 |
dark green |
|
translucent, chelsea : weak
brownish red |
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
The Journal of Gemmology
1999 Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
Chalcedony |
1.537 |
1.537 |
|
|
|
|
turquoise blue and
near-colourless areas |
Tanzania |
chrome-chalcedony, cabochons |
|
|
|
|
|
colourless areas: strong
yellow green, blue parts: light yellow green |
milky white |
The Journal of Gemmology
2016 35 (3), p 189-190 |
Chalcedony |
1.538 |
1.538 |
|
|
2.59 |
2.59 |
greyish violet |
Qom area near the Qom Salt
Lake, Iran |
adularescent, 22.57 ct cabochon |
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2004 Winter, p337 |
Chalcedony |
1.538 |
1.538 |
|
|
2.58 |
2.58 |
green-blue |
Arizona, USA |
"gem silica",
chrysocolla chalcedony, 1.24 ct |
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
http://www.spec4gem.info/index.php 2016 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.539 |
1.539 |
|
|
2.57 |
2.57 |
green |
Newman, Western Australia |
chrome chalcedony,
translucent; chelsea : intense red |
|
|
|
|
diffuse band in the orange
570-640nm, |
inert |
inert |
The Journal of Gemmology
2003 Vol28, N°5, p265-279 |
Chalcedony |
1.539 |
1.539 |
|
|
2.64 |
2.64 |
light yellowish green |
Brazil |
semi-translucent |
|
|
|
|
|
weaker greenish blue |
moderate greenish blue |
Gems & Gemology 1990 Summer, p156-157 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.54 |
1.54 |
0 |
0.005 |
2.56 |
2.6 |
dark green |
Zimbabwe |
Chrome chalcedony,
translucent, chelsea: bright red |
|
|
|
|
|
pale yellowish in light
parts |
yellowish |
The Journal of Gemmology
1999 Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
Chalcedony |
1.54 |
1.54 |
|
|
2.6 |
2.62 |
green-blue and blue-green |
Iran |
8.86 and 3.17 ct, cabochons,
spot RI, chrysocolla chalcedony |
|
|
|
|
650 nm cutoff |
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2007 Winter, p376 |
Chalcedony |
1.54 |
1.54 |
|
|
2.7 |
2.8 |
variegated green and dark
grey |
Applegate Valley in Jackson
County, Oregon |
2.31 - 13.38 ct, with pyrite
and cloud-like green areas, spot RI |
|
|
|
|
|
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2009 Fall, p217 |
Chalcedony |
1.54 |
1.54 |
|
|
2.6 |
2.6 |
turquoise colour |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 1991 Spring, p40 |
chrysocolla chalcedony |
1.54 |
1.55 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
2.63 |
2.63 |
green-blue and blue-green |
Acari, Peru |
chrysocolla chalcedony |
|
|
|
|
650nm cutoff |
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2010 summer, p148-149 |
Chalcedony |
1.541 |
1.546 |
0.005 |
0.005 |
2.57 |
2.59 |
electric blue, greenish blue |
|
translucent, chelsea filter: yellowish |
|
|
|
|
two bands and a cut off in
the red (660, 690) |
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 2007 fall, p265-266 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.547 |
1.551 |
|
|
2.57 |
2.63 |
light to medium dark bluish
green, opaque to translucent |
Haneti, Tanzania |
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 450
and above 650nm |
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2009 Winter, p271-279 |
TABLES
Stone |
RI
min |
RI
max |
Biref
min |
Biref
max |
Dens
min |
Dens
max |
ne
min |
ne
max |
no
min |
no
max |
Reference |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.526 |
1.545 |
0.004 |
0.009 |
2.57 |
2.64 |
1.539 |
1.545 |
1.526 |
1.535 |
http://www.geminterest.com |
Chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.54 |
|
|
2.6 |
2.65 |
|
|
|
|
John Sinkakas,
Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 |
Chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.539 |
0.004 |
0.006 |
2.55 |
2.64 |
1.534 |
1.539 |
1.530 |
1.535 |
Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De
Stefano et al, 1993 |
Chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.548 |
0.008 |
0.01 |
2.58 |
2.63 |
1.538 |
1.548 |
1.530 |
1.540 |
Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn,
2004 |
Chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.54 |
0.004 |
0.009 |
2.58 |
2.91 |
|
|
|
|
http://www.geminterest.com |
Chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.539 |
|
|
2.58 |
2.62 |
|
|
|
|
Gems, R Webster,
5th edition 1994 |
Chalcedony-Agate |
1.53 |
1.54 |
0.004 |
0.004 |
2.55 |
2.63 |
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.54 |
0.004 |
0.004 |
2.55 |
2.63 |
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.53 |
1.54 |
0.004 |
0.004 |
2.55 |
2.9 |
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
Chalcedony-Jasper |
1.53 |
1.54 |
0.004 |
0.004 |
2.55 |
2.9 |
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
Chalcedony-Sard |
1.53 |
1.54 |
0.004 |
0.004 |
2.55 |
2.9 |
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
Chalcedony |
1.53 |
1.545 |
0.001 |
0.006 |
2.56 |
2.66 |
|
|
|
|
Gemmo.eu 2013 |
Chalcedony |
1.535 |
1.539 |
0.004 |
0.006 |
2.55 |
2.65 |
|
|
|
|
Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine,
Birgit Günther, 1981 |
Chalcedony |
1.535 |
1.539 |
0.004 |
0.008 |
2.58 |
2.64 |
|
|
|
|
http://www.gemmology.be |
Chalcedony |
1.539 |
1.544 |
0.004 |
0.009 |
2.58 |
2.91 |
1.539 |
1.544 |
1.530 |
1.535 |
Tables of
Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
Chalcedony |
1.54 |
1.54 |
0.004 |
0.009 |
2.61 |
2.91 |
|
|
|
|
Joel Arem, Color
Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 |
Chalcedony-Jasper |
1.54 |
1.54 |
|
|
2.58 |
2.9 |
|
|
|
|
John Sinkakas,
Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
1.544 |
1.553 |
0.008 |
0.009 |
2.65 |
2.67 |
|
|
|
|
http://www.gemmology.be |
CAUSE OF
COLOUR
Stone |
Colour |
Cause
of colour |
Reference |
Chalcedony-Jasper |
black |
carbonaceous substances |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
black |
Bitumen |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
black |
MnO2 |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen gemmologischen
Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
blue |
Tyndall effect |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
chalcedony |
blue to greenish
blue (chrysocolla quartz) |
microscopic to
submicroscopic inclusions of chrysocolla |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
green |
microscopic
inclusions of nickeliferous clay-like material |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
green |
pimelite nano-inclusions |
The Australian Gemmologist 2002, Vol21,
N°8,p278 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
green |
Cr |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2003, Vol28, N°5,p265 |
Chalcedony |
green |
dellesite, celadonite --> Chrysoprase |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
green |
Cr bearing minerals --> chromchalcedony |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
green |
Chlorite-->
Heliotrope (with red spots= hematite) |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen gemmologischen
Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
green |
Actinolite inclusions |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
greenish blue |
Chrysocolla inclusions |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
grey |
different levels of
Fe³+-oxides and Fe²+-oxides = ratio Fe³+/Fe²+ |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony-Jasper |
orange to red |
microscopic to
submicroscopic inclusions of hydrous Fe oxides |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
chalcedony |
purple |
microscopic inclusions of sugilite |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
chalcedony |
purple (damsonite) |
colour center
similar to that found in amethyst |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
Chalcedony |
red, red brown,
yellowish red |
inclusions of Fe
(III) oxihydroxide (FeOOH) = hematite |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
violet |
red colouring
pigments and Tyndall-effect |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
white |
scattering of
light on submicroscopic particles |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen gemmologischen
Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
yellow green |
yellow-brown
colouring pigments and und Tyndall-effect |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
yellow, yellow
brown, brown, orange |
inclusions of Fe
(III) oxihydroxide (FeOOH) = goethite |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
Chalcedony |
yellow-white |
inclusions of kaolinite |
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der deutschen
gemmologischen Gesellschaft Mar 2004, p25 |
MINERAL
INCLUSIONS
Inclusion |
Stone |
Reference |
anhydrite |
Chalcedony |
The Australian
Gemmologist, 2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
aragonite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
aurichalcite |
Chalcedony |
The Australian
Gemmologist, 2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
barite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
calcite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
celadonite |
Chalcedony |
The Australian
Gemmologist, 2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
celestine |
Chalcedony |
The Australian Gemmologist,
2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
chrysocolla |
Chalcedony |
The Australian
Gemmologist, 2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
conichalcite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 2019
Fall p427 |
copper |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 2022
winter p490 |
cuprite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology
2022 spring p118 |
dolomite |
Chalcedony |
The Australian
Gemmologist, 2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
goethite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
gypsum |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
hematite |
Chalcedony |
The Australian
Gemmologist, 2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
limonite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
malachite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology
2022 spring p118 |
marcasite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
pyrolusite |
Chalcedony |
The Australian
Gemmologist, 2004, Vol22, N°1, p26-27 |
quartz |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
rutile |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
siderite |
Chalcedony |
Gems & Gemology 1978
spring p16-28 |
LOCALITIES
STONE |
LOCALITIES |
REFERENCE |
|||
agate-Chalcedony |
Sunnyside, Ireng River |
34km N of Lethem |
|
Guyana |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1990, Vol22, N°2, p76-79 |
agate-Chalcedony |
|
Ambatolampy |
Antananarivo |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999,p196 |
agate-Chalcedony |
Antsirabé |
Vakinankaratra Region (Betafo -
Antsirabé region) |
Antananarivo Province |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999,p196 |
agate-Chalcedony |
|
Boriziny |
Mahajanga (Majunga) Province |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999,p196 |
agate-Chalcedony |
Ambatondrazaka District |
Alaotra-Mangoro Region |
Toamasina (Tamatave) Province |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999, p196 |
agate-Chalcedony |
|
Mahenge |
Morogoro Region |
Tanzania |
Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31 |
Chalcedony |
|
Finishi Village |
|
Malawi |
Gemmologie Jun 2006 -p34 |
Chalcedony |
|
Saricakaya |
Eskisehir Province |
Turkey |
Cigdem Lule-Whipp (2006) Gems &
Gemology, 42, 115. |
chrome-chalcedony |
|
Newman |
Western Australia |
Australia |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2003, Vol28, N°5, p265-279 |
chrome-chalcedony |
Rincon del Tigre |
Chiquitos Province |
Santa Cruz Department |
Bolivia |
Jaroslav Hyrsl
and Alfredo Petrov (1998) Journal of Gemmology, 26, 1, 43. |
chrome-chalcedony |
|
Mtoroshanga (Mutorashanga) |
Mashonaland West |
Zimbabwe |
Phillips, G.
& Brown, G. (1989) Mtorolite. Australian
Gemmologist |
chrysoprase-Chalcedony |
|
Marlborough Area |
Queensland |
Australia |
Gems & Gemology 1965, Fall, p323 |
chrysoprase-Chalcedony |
Wingellina
Community, West Musgrave Block |
Ngaanyatjarraku Shire |
Western Australia |
Australia |
Australian
Lapidary Magazine, Vol. 17, No. 8, 198 1, pp. 17-19. |
chrysoprase-Chalcedony |
|
Hanety Hill (Haneti) |
|
Tanzania |
Peter Bancroft’s
classic book, Gem and Crystal Treasures (1984) Western
Enterprises/Mineralogical Record, Fallbrook, CA, 488 pp |
Fire agate - Chalcedony |
Deer Creek Fire
Agate Mine |
Graham County |
Arizona |
USA |
Gems & Gemology 1919 Spring p130-141 |
jasper-Chalcedony |
|
Orinduik Falls |
|
Guyana |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1986, 20, 2, p91-92 |
jasper-Chalcedony |
Maevatanana District |
Betsiboka Region |
Mahajanga (Majunga) Province |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999, p196 |
jasper-Chalcedony |
|
Boriziny |
Mahajanga (Majunga) Province |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999,p196 |
jasper-Chalcedony |
Ambatondrazaka District |
Alaotra-Mangoro Region |
Toamasina (Tamatave) Province |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999, p196 |
jasper-Chalcedony |
Swierki |
Klodzko District |
Lower Silesia (Dolnoslaskie) |
Poland |
Journal of Gemmology, Vol. 33, N°6,
1993, pp. 356-359. |
mtorolite-Chalcedony |
|
Mtoroshanga (Mutorashanga) |
Mashonaland West |
Zimbabwe |
Phillips, G.
& Brown, G. (1989) Mtorolite. Australian
Gemmologist |
CHEMICAL DATA
Stone |
Colour |
Locality |
Reference |
SiO2 |
Al2O3 |
MnO |
MgO |
TiO2 |
CaO |
Na2O |
Cr2O3 |
Fe2O3 |
K2O |
H2O |
NiO |
|
Chalcedony-Agate |
dyed blue |
|
|
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°5,p282 |
99.98 |
|
|
|
|
0.02 |
|
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
Chalcedony |
dyed green |
|
|
The Journal of
Gemmology 1999, Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
98.92 |
0.16 |
|
|
|
|
|
0.28 |
|
|
|
|
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
green (coloured by Cr) |
Newman, Western Australia |
Australia |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°5, p273 |
95.01 |
0.29 |
0.01 |
0.46 |
|
|
|
0.24 |
1.45 |
|
2.22 |
0.01 |
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
dark green (Cr chalcedony) |
|
Bolivia |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1999, Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
95.9 |
0.09 |
|
0.11 |
0.09 |
|
|
0.36 |
|
|
|
|
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
light green (Cr chalcedony) |
|
Bolivia |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1999, Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
96 |
0.13 |
|
0.15 |
|
|
|
0.51 |
|
|
|
|
Chalcedony-Jasper |
red-grey |
Swierki, Noda Ruda |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1993, Vol23, N°6, p356-359 |
77.79 |
4.44 |
|
3.29 |
0.12 |
4.15 |
0.28 |
|
0.59 |
1.95 |
|
|
Chalcedony-Jasper |
green |
Swierki, Noda Ruda |
Poland |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1993, Vol23, N°6, p356-359 |
77.89 |
8.46 |
|
2.05 |
0.34 |
0.43 |
0.34 |
|
1.85 |
3.48 |
|
|
Chalcedony-Agate |
blue |
|
Taiwan |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°5,p282 |
99.62 |
|
|
|
0.01 |
0.07 |
0.24 |
|
|
0.03 |
|
|
Chalcedony-Agate |
blue |
|
Taiwan |
The Journal of
Gemmology 2000, Vol 27, N°5,p282 |
99.68 |
|
|
0.11 |
|
0.11 |
|
0.04 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
|
|
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
dark green (Cr chalcedony) |
|
Zimbabwe |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1999, Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
93.56 |
0.29 |
0.08 |
0.3 |
|
|
|
0.45 |
|
|
|
|
Chalcedony-Chrysoprase |
light green (Cr chalcedony) |
|
Zimbabwe |
The Journal of
Gemmology 1999, Vol 26, N°6, p364-370 |
94.38 |
0.18 |
|
0.16 |
|
|
|
0.21 |
|
|
|
|