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INVESTIGATIONS

Stone

RI min

RI max

Dens min

Dens max

Colour

Location

Info

Spectrum

UVS

UVL

Reference

Fluorite

1.425

1.445

3.17

3.19

green

Diana Maria mine, Weardale, Durham, England

0.60ct, 2.07ct

 

violetish blue

strong violetish blue

The Journal of Gemmology 2020 Vol 37 (2), p128-130

Fluorite

1.429

1.429

3.15

3.15

green

Penas Blancas, Colombia

 

rare earth elements

moderate blue-violet

intens blue

Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. 2000 n°140, juillet p 21-25

Fluorite

1.43

1.43

3.18

3.18

colour change blue daylight, purple in incandescent light

 

 

band in yellow orange

 

 

Gems & Gemology 2006 summer, p173-174

Fluorite

1.431

1.431

3.19

3.19

deep blue in daylight and purple in incandescent light

 

irradiated, 9.84ct, chelsea filter: red

570 nm band

inert

inert

Gems & Gemology 2002 Summer, p186

Fluorite

1.432

1.432

3.18

3.18

colour change : smoky-brown to lilac

India

75,44 cts; anomalous birefringence

 

 

 

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2002 Mar, p52-54

Fluorite

1.432

1.432

3.19

3.19

green

 

2.28ct

 

weak violet

violet-blue

ACAM lab  4669

Fluorite

1.432

1.432

3.18

3.18

blue-green

Germany

12.54ct

 

moderate violet

strong violet

ACAM lab  619

Fluorite

1.432

1.432

3.2

3.2

colourless

Namibia

2.87ct

no features

very weak green

weak violet

GIA Gem Database  34020

Fluorite

1.433

1.441

2.99

3.18

white, purple, light green, light brown, purple

Argentina

carved figures

 

purple to brown

purple to brown

Gems & Gemology 1977 Summer, p290-294

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3

3.25

colour change from deep blue in daylight to violet in artificial light

Clara mine, Wolfach, Germany

 

 

weak blue-violet

blue-violet

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1990 Sep, p169-172

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3.12

3.12

cubic violet zones inside yellow to orangy areas

near Klein Spitzkoppe, Namibia

 

 

weak yellow

inert

Gems & Gemology 2011 Winter, p318-319

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3.16

3.16

colourless, reddish brown to brownish red/pink, and pale blue-violet

Guji zone, Ethiopia

 

 

inert to strong green

inert to moderate green

Gems & Gemology 2007 Summer, p168

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3.18

3.18

bluish green

Stak Nala, Pakistan

17.98, 24.07 and 28.68ct

 

strong greenish yellow

weak yellowish 'mustard'green

The Journal of Gemmology 2014 Vol 34,N°3, p192-193

Fluorite

1.435

1.435

3.22

3.22

greenish blue

Madagascar

51.10ct

broad absorption below 420

light green

weak purple

GIA Gem Database  34388

Fluorite

1.435

1.435

3.2

3.2

orangy red

Göschener Alp, Uri, Switzerland

57.77ct

 

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  34989

Fluorite

1.435

1.435

3.2

3.2

blue

China

2.92ct

 

inert

inert

ACAM lab  2107

fluorite synthetic

1.435

1.435

3.186

3.186

green

 

 

 fine band at 690nm and an an absorption from 630nm to 580nm, with further weak bands at about 530nm and 490nm

inert

inert

The Journal of Gemmology 1970 N°4,p120

Fluorite

1.435

1.435

3.19

3.19

bluish green

Madagascar

12.84ct

 

weak blue

weak violet

GIA Gem Database  34410

Fluorite

1.435

1.435

3.24

3.24

red orange

Switzerland

 

no features

very weak red

inert

GIA Gem Database  34971

Fluorite

1.436

1.437

3.19

3.19

bluish green, greenish blue

Kandahar, Afghanistan

chelsea : pink; transparent

none

very weak greenish blue

weak blue

Gems & Gemology 2002 spring p 95

Fluorite

1.436

1.436

3.19

3.19

bluish green

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo District, Namibia

48.80ct

 

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33143

Fluorite

1.436

1.436

3.17

3.17

light pink

Mont Blanc (France or Italy)

2.60ct

 

inert

inert

http://www.spec4gem.info/index.php 2017

Fluorite

1.436

1.436

3.16

3.16

slightly bluish green

Peñas Blancas mining area, Boyacá Department, Colombia

5.55ct

 

weak violet-blue

strong violet-blue

http://www.spec4gem.info 2017 07/jul

Fluorite

1.436

1.436

3.19

3.19

bluish green

Namibia

48.80ct

 

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33143

Fluorite

1.436

1.436

3.19

3.19

colourless

Sri Lanka

29.94ct

 

very weak yellow

weak violet

GIA Gem Database  34871

Fluorite

1.436

1.436

3.18

3.18

greenish blue

Illinois, USA

23.74ct

no features

very weak violet

weak violet

GIA Gem Database  35153

Fluorite

1.437

1.437

3.19

3.19

greenish blue

Afghanistan

42.95ct

broad absorption below 430 and above 650nm

inert

weak purple

GIA Gem Database  33150

Fluorite

1.437

1.437

3.18

3.18

 

Vietnam

29.05ct, angular patterns of dark colour concentrations

 

inert

inert

The Journal of Gemmology 2014 Vol 34,N°3, p194

Fluorite

1.439

1.439

3.2

3.2

yellow

USA

47.62ct

weak lines at 460 and 480nm

weak yellow

weak orange

GIA Gem Database  33149

Fluorite

1.439

1.439

3.19

3.19

emerald green

Bihar, India

3.99ct

no features

inert

inert

Gems & Gemology 2007 Spring, p56-57

fluorite synthetic

1.44

1.44

3.181

3.181

red

 

 

 a sharp line at 565nm, many lines in the yellow and green

inert

inert

The Journal of Gemmology 1970 N°4,p120

fluorite synthetic

1.44

1.44

3.197

3.197

colourless

 

 

 

green

yellow green

The Journal of Gemmology 1970 N°4,p120

 

TABLES                                    

Stone

RI min

RI max

Dens min

Dens max

Reference

Fluorite

1.428

1.436

3.09

3.25

Gemmo.eu 

synthetic fluorite

1.43

1.45

3.18

3.21

Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De Stefano et al, 1993 

Fluorite

1.432

1.434

3

3.25

Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 

Fluorite

1.432

1.434

3

3.25

Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De Stefano et al, 1993 

Fluorite

1.432

1.436

3.15

3.2

Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn, 2004 

Fluorite

1.432

1.435

3.18

3.18

http://www.gemmology.be 

Fluorite

1.432

1.438

3.15

3.18

http://www.geminterest.com 

Fluorite

1.433

1.435

3

3.36

Gemology Tools Professional 2010

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3.17

3.19

John Sinkakas, Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3.17

3.19

Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine, Birgit Günther, 2008 

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3.16

3.2

Tabellen zur Edelstein-Bestimmung, Pschichholz FGA, 1975 

Fluorite

1.434

1.434

3.18

3.18

Gems, R Webster, 5th edition 1994 

Fluorite

1.434

1.448

3

3.25

Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 

 

CAUSE OF COLOUR

Stone

Colour

Cause of colour

Reference

Fluorite

blue

F colour centers and M-centers (two F-centers)

Steffen, Farbe und Lumineszenz von Mineralien, 2000

Fluorite

colour-change

Y³+-associated colour center and Sm²+, with minor influence of a Ce³+ associated colour center

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Fluorite

emerald green

Sm²+

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Fluorite

light blue

Y³+ and F vacancy + 2 electrons

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Fluorite

pink

YO2 colour center (Y³+ + O³-2)

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Fluorite

violet

Mie scattering on calcium microcrystallites

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Fluorite

yellow

colour center with O³- ions

Steffen, Farbe und Lumineszenz von Mineralien, 2000

Fluorite

yellowish green

Colour center containing Y and Ce associated with an F vacancy

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

 

MINERAL INCLUSIONS

Inclusion

Stone

Reference

barite

Fluorite

Gems & Gemology 2004 winter p350

calcite

Fluorite

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 3

chalcopyrite

Fluorite

The Australian Gemmologist 1987 Februari p184-190

chlorite

Fluorite

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 3

cinnabar

Fluorite

Gems & Gemology Summer 2022 p233

dickite

Fluorite

Gems & Gemology 2011 Winter, p318

galena

Fluorite

The Australian Gemmologist 1987 Februari p184-190

marcasite

Fluorite

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

pyrite

Fluorite

Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983

sphalerite

Fluorite

The Australian Gemmologist 1987 Februari p184-190

strontianite

Fluorite

http://www.gemfrance.com/

tourmaline

Fluorite

Dietrich, The tourmaline group, 1985

 

LOCALITIES

STONE

LOCALITIES

REFERENCE

fluorite

 

 

Kandahar (Qandahar) Province

Afghanistan

Gems & Gemology 2002 Spring p95

fluorite

Los Menucos mine

Valcheta

Rio Negro

Argentina

Gems & Gemology 2007 fall, p 255

fluorite

Valcheta mine

Valcheta

Rio Negro

Argentina

Gems & Gemology 2007 fall, p 255

fluorite

 

Seilles

Namur

Belgium


Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1994, Jun, p73-84

fluorite

 

 

Bahia

Brasil

Gems & Gemology 2007 fall, p255

fluorite

Huanggang Mine, Hexigten Banner (Keshiketeng)

Ulanhad League (Chifeng Prefecture)

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

China

Ottens, B. (2011): Lapis 36(9), 27-33.

fluorite

Penas Blancas District (Vasquez-Yacopi District),

San Pablo de Borbur

Boyaca Department

Colombia

Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. 2000 n°140, juillet p 21-25

fluorite

 

Weardale

Durham

England

Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification (2006),  873pp

fluorite

 

Chamonix

Haute-Savoie

France

Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification (2006),  873pp

fluorite

Stak Nala (Staknala), Skardu Road

Haramosh Mts

Baltistan

Pakistan

The Journal of Gemmology 2014, Vol 34, No.3, p192-193

fluorite

Huanzala Mine

Dos de Mayo

Huanuco

Peru

Mineralogical Record 97/4

fluorite

Embilipitiya

Monaragata

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gemmologie Jul 1999, p90

fluorite

Cave-In-Rock Mine, Cave-In-Rock, Cave-In-Rock District

Hardin County

Illinois

USA

Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification (2006),  873pp

fluorite

William Wise Mine, Westmoreland

Cheshire County

New Hampshire

USA

Gems & Gemology 1976 Fall, p200-201

 

CHEMICAL DATA