|
INVESTIGATIONS
Stone |
RI min |
RI max |
Biref min |
Biref max |
Dens min |
Dens max |
Colour |
Locality |
Info |
nx min |
nx max |
ny min |
ny max |
nz min |
nz max |
Spectrum |
UVS |
UVL |
Reference |
Kornerupine |
1.639 |
1.651 |
0.012 |
0.012 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
orangy yellow |
Okkampitiya, Uva Province, Sri Lanka |
3.96ct, biaxial - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
weak orangy yellow |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34067 |
Kornerupine |
1.659 |
1.675 |
0.016 |
0.016 |
3.16 |
3.26 |
blue |
Tanzania |
2.08ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
https://www.dgemg.com 2019 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.678 |
0.016 |
0.017 |
3.28 |
3.32 |
intens green |
Usambara Mts, near Tanga, Tanzania |
|
1.660 |
1.662 |
1.673 |
1.674 |
1.675 |
1.678 |
|
faint yellow |
strong chalky yellow |
Gems & Gemology 2009 spring p 66 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.685 |
0.013 |
0.013 |
3.293 |
3.351 |
light brownish yellow to greyish green |
Embilipitiya, Sri Lanka |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Australian Gemmologist 1986 Vol 16,
Nr 2, p35-40 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.672 |
0.01 |
0.012 |
3.27 |
3.27 |
groen |
Tanzania |
1.19 and 0.55 ct, transparent |
1.660 |
1.660 |
|
|
1.670 |
1.672 |
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2009 58/3-4/Dec, p78 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.677 |
0.013 |
0.015 |
3.28 |
3.29 |
olive green, green |
Begogo, Madagascar |
is in fact prismatine (content of B is 0.71 apfu); optical sign (+) and
(-) |
1.660 |
1.664 |
1.670 |
1.671 |
1.675 |
1.677 |
|
inert to weak yellow |
inert |
The Australian Gemmologist 2010 Vol24,
N°2, p38-40 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.67 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
3.27 |
3.27 |
yellowish green |
Kwale District, Coast Province, Kenya |
1.64ct, biaxial - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 420 |
yellowish green |
weak yellowish green |
GIA Gem Database 34365 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.672 |
0.012 |
0.012 |
3.31 |
3.31 |
yellowish green |
Kwale District, Coast Province, Kenya |
1.80ct, biaxial - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
weak yellow |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34366 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.672 |
0.012 |
0.012 |
3.31 |
3.31 |
greenish yellow |
Monaragala, Uva Province, Sri Lanka |
7.11ct, biaxial - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GIA Gem Database 34069 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.673 |
0.013 |
0.013 |
3.272 |
3.272 |
green |
East Africa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
yellow |
yellow |
The Journal of Gemmology 1974 N°2, p73-75 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.67 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
3.32 |
3.32 |
dark yellowish green |
Kenya |
5.54ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
broad absorption below 420nm |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34368 |
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.67 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
3.81 |
3.81 |
greenish yellow |
Sri Lanka |
7.43ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
no features |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34851 |
Kornerupine |
1.662 |
1.675 |
0.012 |
0.013 |
|
|
blue |
East Africa (Kenya and Tanzania) |
2V : 6-11° |
1.662 |
1.663 |
1.673 |
1.674 |
1.674 |
1.675 |
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 1978 winter,
p121-122 |
Kornerupine |
1.664 |
1.686 |
0.022 |
0.022 |
3.33 |
3.33 |
greenish brown |
Sri Lanka |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1998 Sep, p169 |
Kornerupine |
1.665 |
1.69 |
0.009 |
0.013 |
3.283 |
3.346 |
light brownish yellow, brown, green, dark brown, dark greyish green |
Embilipitiya, Sri Lanka |
|
1.665 |
1.678 |
|
|
1.677 |
1.690 |
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 1996 winter,
p262-269 |
Kornerupine |
1.665 |
1.67 |
0.015 |
0.015 |
3.32 |
3.32 |
green |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
weak 445nm line |
|
|
ACAM labo |
Kornerupine |
1.665 |
1.673 |
0.006 |
0.008 |
|
|
|
Greenland |
optical sign (-) |
1.665 |
1.665 |
1.670 |
1.671 |
1.671 |
1.673 |
|
|
|
The Australian Gemmologist 2010 Vol24,
N°2, p38-40 |
Kornerupine |
1.666 |
1.68 |
0.014 |
0.014 |
3.34 |
3.34 |
green-brown |
|
0.7ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
weak band around 446 nm |
|
|
ACAM labo |
Kornerupine |
1.666 |
1.68 |
0.014 |
0.014 |
3.32 |
3.32 |
greenish yellow |
Embilipitiya, Sabaragamuwa, Sri Lanka |
11.19ct, biaxial - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
absorption lines at 450 and 510nm |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34063 |
Kornerupine |
1.666 |
1.689 |
0.023 |
0.023 |
3.28 |
3.28 |
yellow-green |
Mogok, Myanmar |
14.19ct, biaxe - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
very weak green |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34565 |
Kornerupine |
1.666 |
1.677 |
0.011 |
0.011 |
3.33 |
3.33 |
brownish yellow |
Sri Lanka |
7.86ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
no features |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34850 |
Kornerupine |
1.667 |
1.68 |
0.013 |
0.013 |
3.314 |
3.314 |
|
|
very small 2V angle |
1.667 |
1.667 |
1.676 |
1.676 |
1.680 |
1.680 |
|
inert |
inert |
The Journal of Gemmology 1984 Vol XIX, N°4, p312-316 |
Kornerupine |
1.668 |
1.68 |
0.012 |
0.012 |
3.34 |
3.36 |
brownish green to greenish brown |
Elahera, Sri Lanka |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen
Gesellschaft 1985 34, Nr 1/2, p13-19 |
Kornerupine |
1.668 |
1.68 |
0.012 |
0.012 |
3.33 |
3.36 |
brownish green, greenish brown |
Elahera, Sri Lanka |
|
1.668 |
1.668 |
1.679 |
1.679 |
1.680 |
1.680 |
503, 446, 430 |
inert |
inert |
Gems & Gemology 1986 Summer, p91 |
Kornerupine |
1.668 |
1.679 |
0.011 |
0.011 |
3.36 |
3.36 |
dark yellow-green |
Sri Lanka |
4.90ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
line at 507nm |
inert |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 34848 |
Kornerupine |
1.67 |
|
|
|
3.32 |
3.32 |
yellowish green |
|
cat's-eye, translucent, 1.44ct cabochon, spot RI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gems & Gemology 2017 Summer, p 230 |
Kornerupine |
1.671 |
1.673 |
0.002 |
0.002 |
|
|
|
Germany |
optical sign (-) |
1.671 |
1.671 |
1.673 |
1.673 |
1.673 |
1.673 |
|
|
|
The Australian Gemmologist 2010 Vol24,
N°2, p38-40 |
Kornerupine |
1.68 |
1.68 |
|
|
3.34 |
3.336 |
olive to brownish green |
Sri Lanka |
cat's eye, 2.33 and 3.24 ct |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen
Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2005 Sep, p67-68 |
Kornerupine |
|
|
|
|
3.27 |
3.27 |
dark green-blue |
Kwakonje, Tanga, Tanzania |
4.39ct, biaxial - , cabochon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
weak yellow |
inert |
GIA Gem Database 35016 |
TABLES
Stone |
RI min |
RI max |
Biref min |
Biref max |
Dens min |
Dens max |
nx min |
nx max |
ny min |
ny max |
nz min |
nz max |
Reference |
|
|||||||
Kornerupine |
1.659 |
1.699 |
0.012 |
0.021 |
3.27 |
3.45 |
1.659 |
1.682 |
1.671 |
1.696 |
1.672 |
1.699 |
http://www.geminterest.com |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.659 |
1.685 |
0.01 |
0.018 |
3.25 |
3.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemmo.eu 2019 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.699 |
0.012 |
0.017 |
3.27 |
3.44 |
1.660 |
1.682 |
|
|
1.674 |
1.699 |
Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine,
Birgit Günther, 1981 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.674 |
0.012 |
0.017 |
3.27 |
3.45 |
1.660 |
1.682 |
|
|
1.674 |
1.699 |
Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De
Stefano et al, 1993 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.684 |
0.013 |
0.015 |
3.2 |
3.45 |
1.660 |
1.671 |
1.673 |
1.683 |
1.675 |
1.684 |
Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn,
2004 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.682 |
0.013 |
0.015 |
3.28 |
3.35 |
1.660 |
1.669 |
1.673 |
1.681 |
1.674 |
1.682 |
Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.66 |
1.684 |
0.013 |
0.017 |
3.28 |
3.35 |
1.660 |
1.671 |
1.673 |
1.683 |
1.674 |
1.684 |
Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification
(2006), 873pp |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.661 |
1.699 |
0.013 |
0.017 |
3.27 |
3.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
http://www.gemmology.be |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.661 |
1.699 |
0.013 |
0.017 |
3.27 |
3.45 |
1.661 |
1.682 |
1.673 |
1.696 |
1.674 |
1.699 |
Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.664 |
1.683 |
0.013 |
0.013 |
3.25 |
3.45 |
1.664 |
1.670 |
|
|
1.677 |
1.683 |
Tabellen zur Edelstein-Bestimmung,
Pschichholz FGA, 1975 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.664 |
1.683 |
0.012 |
0.017 |
3.27 |
3.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gemology Tools Professional 2010 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.665 |
1.68 |
0.012 |
0.013 |
3.3 |
3.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
John Sinkakas, Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.665 |
1.68 |
0.013 |
0.013 |
3.28 |
3.35 |
1.665 |
1.668 |
|
|
1.678 |
1.680 |
Gems, R Webster, 5th edition 1994 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.674 |
1.69 |
0.014 |
0.017 |
3.36 |
3.38 |
1.674 |
1.675 |
1.686 |
1.687 |
1.687 |
1.690 |
Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
||||||||
Kornerupine |
1.682 |
1.699 |
0.017 |
0.017 |
3.44 |
3.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 |
||||||||
CAUSE OF
COLOUR
Stone |
Colour |
Cause
of colour |
Reference |
kornerupine |
blue |
Cr³+ in octahedral coordination |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
kornerupine |
brownish green |
Fe²+ and Mn³+ |
The Australian Gemmologist 2010, Vol24,
N°2, p38-40 |
kornerupine |
green |
V³+ in octahedral coordination |
Gems & Gemology Summer 1988 |
MINERAL
INCLUSIONS
Inclusion |
Stone |
Reference |
apatite |
Kornerupine |
Gems&Gemology 1996, winter, p262-269 |
graphite |
Kornerupine |
The Journal of Gemmology 1995, 24,8, p577 |
hematite |
Kornerupine |
Gems&Gemology 1996, winter, p262-269 |
phlogopite |
Kornerupine |
E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones,
volume 3 |
pyrite |
Kornerupine |
E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones,
volume 3 |
quartz |
Kornerupine |
Gems&Gemology 1996, winter, p262-269 |
rutile |
Kornerupine |
Gems&Gemology 1996, winter, p262-269 |
tourmaline |
Kornerupine |
Gems&Gemology 1996, winter, p262-269 |
zircon |
Kornerupine |
Gems&Gemology 1996, winter, p262-269 |
LOCALITIES
STONE |
LOCALITIES |
REFERENCE |
|||
Kornerupine |
Lasamba Hill |
Kwale district |
Coast Province |
Kenya |
Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification
(2006), 873pp |
Kornerupine |
Begogo |
Midongy massif |
|
Madagascar |
The Australian Gemmologist 2010,
Vol24,N°2, p38-40 |
Kornerupine |
Itrongay |
Betroka-Benenitra |
Toliara (Tuléar) Province |
Madagascar |
Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification
(2006), 873pp |
Kornerupine |
|
Betroka |
Tuléar (Toliara ) Province |
Madagascar |
Gemmologie, Dez 1999,p196 |
Kornerupine |
Ohngaing (Ohn Gaing, Ohn Kai) |
Mogok |
Mandalay |
Myanmar |
Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification
(2006), 873pp |
Kornerupine |
Umba Valley |
Lelatema Mts |
Arusha Region |
Tanzania |
Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31 |
CHEMICAL DATA
(%)
Stone |
Colour |
Locality |
Reference |
SiO2 |
Al2O3 |
MnO |
MgO |
FeO |
TiO2 |
CaO |
Na2O |
Cr2O3 |
Fe2O3 |
K2O |
B2O3 |
Cl |
|
Kornerupine |
medium brown |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
30.95 |
43.36 |
0.05 |
17.39 |
5.17 |
0.06 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
dark green |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
31.35 |
43.08 |
0.1 |
17.62 |
5.13 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
green |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
30.98 |
43.37 |
0.07 |
17.21 |
5.4 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
light brown |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
31.79 |
44.15 |
0.03 |
19.52 |
1.63 |
0.04 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
dark brown |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
30.23 |
44.71 |
0.05 |
15.82 |
6.61 |
0.1 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
kornerupine |
light brown |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996, p266 |
31.79 |
44.15 |
0.03 |
19.52 |
|
0.04 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
1.63 |
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
light green |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
31.87 |
42.36 |
0.01 |
19.55 |
1.85 |
0 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
brown |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
31.36 |
44.75 |
0.02 |
18.49 |
2.51 |
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
green |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996 p 266 |
31.51 |
42.05 |
0.05 |
17.8 |
4.6 |
0.04 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
kornerupine |
green |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996, p266 |
30.98 |
43.37 |
0.07 |
17.21 |
|
0.05 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
5.4 |
|
|
|
kornerupine |
dark green |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996, p266 |
31.35 |
43.08 |
0.1 |
17.62 |
|
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.03 |
|
5.13 |
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
|
Elahera |
Sri Lanka |
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen
Gesellschaft, 1985, 34, Nr1/2, p13-19 |
30.92 |
45.97 |
0.02 |
16.82 |
4.12 |
0.11 |
0.08 |
0.1 |
|
|
0.07 |
|
|
Kornerupine |
|
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
The Australian Gemmologist Feb 1986, Vol 16, Nr1, p3 |
29.04 |
46 |
0.05 |
17.44 |
3.55 |
0.1 |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
cat's eye |
|
East Africa |
The Journal of Gemmology 1995, Vol 24, N°8, p 574 |
32.1 |
44.43 |
|
19.9 |
0.17 |
0.16 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
0.05 |
|
0.03 |
3.17 |
0.18 |
Kornerupine |
|
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
The Australian Gemmologist Feb 1986, Vol 16, Nr1, p3 |
30.39 |
41.31 |
0.01 |
19.08 |
2.55 |
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
kornerupine |
green |
Embilipitya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996, p266 |
31.51 |
42.05 |
0.05 |
17.8 |
|
0.04 |
0.02 |
0.02 |
|
4.6 |
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
|
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
The Australian Gemmologist Feb 1986, Vol 16, Nr1, p3 |
30.33 |
40.99 |
0.05 |
17.91 |
3.85 |
0.02 |
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
kornerupine |
dark brown |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996, p266 |
30.23 |
44.71 |
0.05 |
15.82 |
|
0.1 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
6.61 |
|
|
|
Kornerupine |
|
Elahera |
Sri Lanka |
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen
Gesellschaft, 1985, 34, Nr1/2, p13-19 |
30.92 |
42.05 |
0.12 |
14.85 |
6.95 |
0.05 |
0.06 |
0.14 |
|
|
0.04 |
|
|
kornerupine |
medium brown |
|
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996, p266 |
30.95 |
43.36 |
0.05 |
17.39 |
|
0.06 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
5.17 |
|
|
|
kornerupine |
light green |
Embilipitiya |
Sri Lanka |
Gems & Gemology Winter 1996, p266 |
31.87 |
42.36 |
0.01 |
19.55 |
|
|
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
1.85 |
|
|
|