Gemsdat

INVESTIGATIONS

Stone	RI min	RI max	Biref min	Biref max	Dens min	Dens max	Colour	Location	Info	ne min	ne max	no min	no max	Spectrum	UVS	UVL	Reference
Corundum - Sapphire					3,98	4,013	light to medium blue, light to medium violet	Yogo Gulch, Montana (USA)	lamprophyric rock intruded in limestone; most are brillant cuts and <0.5 ct					weak Fe, violet stones may show Fe-Cr combination	inert, violet may show weak to moderate red	inert, violet may show weak to moderate red	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire							near colourless, medium blue, medium green, purple, pink to red, medium yellow, greenish yellow, orangy yellow, orange, six-stars	Missouri River, Dry Cottonweed Creek & Rock Creek (Montana, USA)						not reported	inert, red may show weak to moderate red	inert, red may show weak to moderate red	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire							neon-blue							Co spectrum besides a Fe spectrum			Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2009 58/3-4/Dec, p88-89
Corundum - Sapphire	1,757	1,774	0,008	0,009	3,95	4,1	near colourless to deep blue, often light blue , slightly more violet than Sri Lanka, purple to violet, yellow, rarely green, 6-rayed stars; colour is exceptionally even	Mogok (Birma)	variety of enveronments: pegmatites, syenites, gneisses, urtites	1,757	1,765	1,766	1,774	weak to strong Fe	generally inert		Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,758	1,766	0,008	0,008	3,99	4,01	yellow, colourless, blue	Kimmirut, Baffin Island, Canada							very weak orange	moderate orange	Gems & Gemology 2004 winter p344
Corundum - Sapphire	1,758	1,767	0,009	0,009			pale to dark pink	Kootchinskoye deposit, Ural Mts, Russia	<1ct								Gems & Gemology 1994 winter p243-252
Corundum - Sapphire	1,758	1,767	0,007	0,007	3,91	4,35	bluish grey	Santa Terezinha de Goias, Brazil	only for cabochon, translucent	1,758	1,760	1,765	1,767				Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1986 Jg 35, Nr 1/2,p15-19
Corundum - Sapphire	1,758	1,77	0,008	0,01	3,98	4,02	Blue, grey, bicolored pink and blue, violetish blue, purplish pink, colourless	Sutara, Jewish Autonomous Oblast' Russia		1,767	1,770	1,758	1,762		inert, purplish pink stones: inert to weak red	inert, purplish pink stones:moderate to strong red	Gems & Gemology 2016 Fall, p 252-264
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,768	0,008	0,008	4	4,03	purplish pink	Batakundi, Pakistan		1,759	1,760	1,767	1,768		very weak red	moderate to strong red	Gems & Gemology 2004 winter p343
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,78	0,008	0,01	3,96	4,05	orange, yellow, blue to green, red	Malawi	epidotized amphibolite	1,759	1,770	1,768	1,780	Cr , Fe or combination	generally inert, red stones may show weak red	generally inert, red stones may show weak red	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,776	0,008	0,009	3,98	4,01	blue to greenish blue, typically inky	Nigeria	weathered alkali basalts	1,759	1,768	1,768	1,776	strong Fe spectra	generally inert	generally inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,771	0,08	0,008	3,99	4,02	red, blue, violet, purple, yellow, orange, rarely green, 6-rayed stars common, colourless	Sri Lanka	granites	1,759	1,763	1,767	1,771	red, purple, violet : Cr; bue : weak to moderate Fe	blue: inert to moderate red, heat treated: chalky blue green; red : moderate to strong red; yellow: moderate orange	blue: inert to strong red; red : moderate to strong red; yellow: moderate orange	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,97	3,99	pink to light red, reddish violet	Nepal		1,759	1,762	1,767	1,770		intens reddish-orange	stronger than UVS:intens reddish-orange	The Australian Gemmologist 1982 may, p225-229
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,77	0,011	0,011	3,09	3,09	greenish brown	Sri Lanka						absorption lines in blue and violet			Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1998 Sep, p169
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,77	0,009	0,009	3,99	4,01	very dark inky blue, yellow	Kaduna Province, Nigeria		1,768	1,770	1,759	1,761				The Journal of Gemmology 1987 Vol 20, N°7/8 p427-442
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,771	0,008	0,009	3,98	4,04	pink, purplish pink, light to dark blue	Quy Chau - Quy Hop, Nghe An, Vietnam		1,767	1,771	1,759	1,762		blue: light blue, orange	blue: light blue, orange	Gems & Gemology 2012 Fall, p165
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,769	0,008	0,009			medium to medium dark blue to slightly violetish blue	Madagascar		1,759	1,760	1,768	1,769	Fe lines	inert to weak challky greenish blue	inert	Gems & Gemology 1995 Summer, p132-133
Corundum - Sapphire	1,759	1,769	0,01	0,01	4	4	pink	Mozambique	11.16ct								Gems & Gemology 2020 Summer p286
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,769	0,008	0,008	3,98	4	orange pink, purplish pink, blue	Ilakaka, Madagascar						pink : Cr ; blue : 450 band	very weak orange ; blue : inert to chalky yellowish green	moderate to strong orange; blue : inert to very weak red	Gems & Gemology 1999 summer p149
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,778	0,008	0,008	3,97	4,06	red-orange, light blue, blue-green, green, light yellow, colour change, no stars; colour often lighter at the core	Umba Valley (Tanzania)	pegmatite veins	1,760	1,769	1,768	1,778	Cr and Fe spectra, rarely V	generally inert	generally inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,993	4,007	light to deep blue, black stars	Pailin (Cambodia)	weathered alkali basalts	1,760	1,762	1,768	1,770	moderate to strong Fe	inert	inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,772	0,008	0,009	3,99	4,02	pale to deep blue to bluish green; most stones are of a dark, inky blue	southern Vietnam	alkali basalts	1,760	1,764	1,769	1,772	strong Fe	inert	inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,772	0,008	0,01	4	4,02	medium to dark blue to violet/purple	Indaia (Brasil)		1,760	1,762	1,768	1,772	sometimes weak 450nm band	moderate to strong red	inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,008	0,009	3,94	4,01	red to pink, purplish pink, often with visible violetish blue color banding	Ganesh HimalNepal		1,760	1,762	1,769	1,770	468 line, 475 line, 476 line, 525-585 band, 659 line, 668 line, 692 line, 694 line	red: faint to moderate red; violet : inert	red : moderate to very strong red; violet : inert	Gems & Gemology 1997 spring p24-41
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,772	0,008	0,01	4	4,02	blue to violetish blue to purple, colour change (violet in daylight-purple in incandescent light)	Indaia, Minas Gerais, Brazil	geology: Precambrian complexes of metamorphic besement rocks	1,760	1,762	1,768	1,772	faint band at 450nm	inert	moderate to strong bright red	Gems & Gemology 1994 spring, p24-32
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,772	0,008	0,01	3,96	4		Nigeria		1,760	1,764	1,770	1,772				Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1986 Jg 35, Nr 1/2,p15-19
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,768	0,008	0,008	4	4	blue	Elahera, Sri Lanka						450nm, 460nm	light blue		Gems & Gemology 1986 Summer, p87
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,768	0,008	0,008	4,01	4,01	yellow	Elahera, Sri Lanka						694, 692nm	apricot orange	apricot reddish	Gems & Gemology 1986 Summer, p87
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,768	0,008	0,008	4	4	padparadscha	Elahera, Sri Lanka						694 and 692nm	strong apricot		Gems & Gemology 1986 Summer, p87
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,98	4	blue, pink, colourless, pale green, yellow, orange, pale brown, brownish red, violet	Madagascar	up to 15ct	1,760	1,762	1,768	1,770				The Journal of Gemmology 2001 Vol27, N°7,p385-394
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,773	0,008	0,008	3,98	4,03	blue, blue-violet, greenish blue, greenish-yellow, yellow	Nosy-Bé, Madagascar	Basalt	1,768	1,773	1,760	1,765		inert	inert	Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2004 Dec, p143-158
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,769	0,009	0,009	3,98	3,98	colourless	Sri Lanka	1.4ct							pinkish-orange	Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1999 Jul p106
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,771	0,008	0,008	3,99	4,02		Indaia, Minas Gerais, Brazil		1,760	1,763	1,768	1,771	band 500-600nm (Fe²+/Ti4+) and 450nm (Fe³+)	inert	inert, sometimes reddish	Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1994 Dez, p111-116
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,008	0,009	3,94	4,09	pink and blue	Muling, Heilongjiang, China		1,760	1,762	1,768	1,770				Gems & Gemology 2011 Summer, p136
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,008	0,008	4	4	blue	Thammannawa, Kataragama area, Sri Lanka		1,768	1,770	1,760	1,762	line at 450nm	inert	weak red	Gems & Gemology 2012 Summer, p98-107
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,769	0,008	0,009	4	4	purplish pink to orangy pink, brownish pinkish purple, bicolored reddish purple and reddish orange	Tamil Nadu, India	0.36-1.70ct					weak absorption band at 460 nm, a 475/480 nm doublet, and a band at 670 nm	inert to weak red	weak to moderate red	Gems & Gemology 2005 fall, p268-269
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,769	0,008	0,009	4,02	4,05	bicoloured: pink and blue	Tunduru, Tanzania	0.64 and 1.97 ct	1,760	1,760	1,768	1,769	Cr	inert	moderate-to-strong orange	Gems & Gemology 1999 Winter, p215
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,768	0,008	0,008	3,99	3,99	purplish pink	Palmer Canyon, Laramie Mts, Wyoming	1.15 ct					chromium lines and a 470 nm doublet	very weak red	moderate orangy red	Gems & Gemology 2001 Winter, p337
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,769	0,008	0,009	4	4	purplish pink to orangy pink	Tamil Nadu, Inia						weak absorption band at 460 nm, a 475/480 nm doublet, and a band at 670 nm	inert to weak red	weak to moderate red	Gems & Gemology 2005 Fall, p268
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,772	0,008	0,008	3,96	4,01	greenish to violetish blue	Bawmar Mine, Mogok, Myanmar	0.20 to 1.63ct	1,760	1,764	1,768	1,772		inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 2013 Winter, p223-232
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,01	0,01	3,95	4,05	bronze metallic sheen (body colour : blue, green or yellow)	eastern Kenya	Gold Sheen sapphire, 105 stones from 1 to 30ct, sheen effect originates from reflection of light from exsolved hematite-ilmenite					absorption at 450nm	inert	inert	The Journal of Gemmology 2015 Vol 38, No 8, p678-691
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,01	0,01	4	4,02	green		0.89ct to 5.90ct, lead glass filled;Growth tubes, ‘fingerprints’, lamellar twinning, orange and blue flash effects along filled fissures, green colour concentrations in filled fissures and cavities, flattened gas bubbles trapped in the glass filler						Inert	Inert to weak orange	The Journal of Gemmology 2015 Vol 34, No.5, p420-427
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76				3,87	3,87	light pink		2.77ct, semi-transparent cabochon, Filled with Bismuth-Based Glass						weak red	medium red	Gems & Gemology 2017 Spring, p94
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,768	0,008	0,008	4	4	purple	Sri Lanka	9.16ct					line at 693nm (doublet)	inert	moderate red	GIA Gem Database 33079
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,768	0,008	0,008	3,98	3,98	pink	Mogok, Myanmar	2.97ct					doublet at 693nm	weak red	moderate orangy red	GIA Gem Database 34572
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,008	0,009	3,98	4,01		Aappaluttoq deposit, Greenland		1,760	1,762	1,769	1,770		none to weak red	weak to moderate red	The Journal of Gemmology 2016 35 (4), p 294-306
Corundum - Sapphire	1,76	1,77	0,008	0,009	3,81	4,04	blue	Mogok, Myanmar								inert (80%), weak red (10%)	Gems & Gemology 2021 winter, p292-317
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,77	0,009	0,009	4,03	4,03	blue	Maydan Shahr, Afghanistan						450, 460, 470	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 2004 winter p343
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,773	0,008	0,008	3,99	4,02	Homogeneous colouration is rare. More common is distinct colour zoning with blue-violet, greenish blue to greenish yellow and yellow domains; star sapphires: grey to blue	Ambondromifehy, Antsiranana Province, Madagascar	geology: magmatic (alkali basalts)	1,761	1,765	1,769	1,773		inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 2000 Fall p 216-233
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,774	0,008	0,009	3,97	4,02	blue, green,yellow, rare: orange to pink to mauve; black star	Inverell (New South Wales) and Anakie (Queensland), Australia	secondary deposits derived from weathered alkali basalts	1,761	1,765	1,769	1,774	weak to strong Fe spectrum (generally strong)	generally inert	generally inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,771	0,009	0,009	3,99	4,02	purplish blue to blue-grey	Penglai mine, Hainan Island, China						bands at 450 , 460nm and 470nm	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 1988 Fall p155-160
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,774	0,008	0,009	3,97	4,02	light blue, dark blue, green, yellow, gold	Australia		1,761	1,765	1,769	1,774	Fe lines	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 1985 fall p130-146
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	3,98	4,02	padparadschah, pinkish-orange to pinkish-yellow	Sri Lanka							weak yellowish pink	strong pinkish orange	The Journal of Gemmology 1985 Vol 19, No 5 p389-403
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,77	0,008	0,009	3,99	4,02	purplish pink to purplish red	Pamir Mts, Tajikistan	0.3 to 1.48ct, transparent	1,761	1,762	1,770	1,770	cut-off 450, lines : 468, 475, 476, broad band 530-580, lines 659, 692, 694	very weak to medium : red	strong to very strong : slightly orangy-red to red	The Journal of Gemmology 1998 Vol26, N°2, p103-109
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,771	0,008	0,008	3,91	3,98	blue	Andranondambo, Madagascar		1,761	1,763	1,769	1,771	450nm band	inert to weak greenish blue	inert	The Journal of Gemmology 1996 Vol 25, N°3, p177-184
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,771	0,009	0,009	3,998	4,005	dark blue	Cyangugu district, Rwanda	basaltic type	1,761	1,762	1,770	1,771	375, 390, 450nm	inert	inert	The Journal of Gemmology 1996 Vol 25, N°2, p90-106
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,77	0,008	0,009	3,95	3,97	light blue	Wellawaya, Sri Lanka		1,761	1,762	1,769	1,770		inert	inert	Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2008 57/1-2, p28-29
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,99	4	pink, pink+blue	Neelum Valley		1,761	1,762	1,769	1,770	Cr + Fe			Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2005 Sep, p111-114
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,771	0,008	0,008	3,91	3,98	pale to dark blue	Bekily, Toliara Province, Madagascar	0.49 - 1.32 ct	1,761	1,763	1,769	1,771				Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1995 Mar, p3
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,771	0,008	0,008	3,91	3,98	blue	Andranondambo, Madagascar		1,761	1,763	1,769	1,771	bands at 570nm and 450nm	inert, rarely weak greenish-blue or weak orange	inert	Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1996 Mar, p13-22
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	4	4	blue	Bo Ploi, Kanschanaburi, Thailand						absorption lines around 450-460nm	inert	inert	Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1991 Dez, p165-180
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	4	4	blue	Kanchanaburi, Thailand						450nm, 460nm	inert	inert	The Journal of Gemmology 1984 Vol 19, N°3, p228-239
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,772	0,008	0,009	3,91	4,02	colourless, orange, grey, pink, light to dark blue	Tan Huong-Truc Lau, Yen Bai, Vietnam		1,769	1,772	1,761	1,763		grey/colourl: orange; blue: light blue/orange; orange: orange-red	grey/colourl: orange; blue: light blue/orange; orange: strong orange-red	Gems & Gemology 2012 Fall, p162
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,771	0,008	0,009	4	4,03	pink-brown through brownish pink and purple (incandescent light), yellowish brown, greyish violet, and greyish greenish blue (fluorescent light)	Tanzania	1.06-2.16 ct	1,761	1,762	1,770	1,771	absorption features typical of ruby and lines at about 450, 460, and 470 nm.	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 1995 Spring, p64-65
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	4	4	red-purple	Sri Lanka	8.70ct					band at 530-560nm, lines at 468, 476, 693nm (doublet)	weak red	strong red	GIA Gem Database 33063
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	3,99	3,99	blue	Bo Phloi, Thailand	2.72ct					lines at 450nm	inert	inert	GIA Gem Database 35095
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	3,99	3,99	blue	Pailin, Cambodia	1.92ct					line at 450nm	inert	inert	GIA Gem Database 35103
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	4	4	orangy yellow	Mogok, Myanmar	3.46ct					lines at 450, 468, 476nm	inert	inert	GIA Gem Database 33081
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	4	4	light blue	Mogok, Myanmar	4.38ct					line at 450nm	inert	inert	GIA Gem Database 33085
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	3,99	3,99	medium violetish blue	Mogok, Myanmar	8.29ct					line at 450nm	inert	inert	GIA Gem Database 34580
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	3,99	3,99	brownish orange	Sri Lanka	6.36ct					doublet at 693nm	weak orange	strong orange	GIA Gem Database 33075
Corundum - Sapphire	1,761	1,769	0,008	0,008	3,99	3,99	intense purplish pink		3.93ct						weak red	medium red	Gems & Gemology 2020 Winter, p522
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,771	0,009	0,009			dark blue, nearly opaque in overhead light, translucent and transparent in transmitted light; areas of blue and bluish green	Penglai, Hainan Island, China						very straong bands at 450 and 460 that nearly merge, and narrower band at 470nm	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 1988 Fall, p155-160
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,99	4,02	blue, green (with brownish cast), yellow, pink, red; many stones have yellowish cores, many stones show a colour shift from blue to violet	Mercaderes, Colombia						weak Fe spectrum	inert	weak to moderate orange to red	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	4,03	4,03	near colourless to deep blue (almost black), rarely pink to purple, rarely six-rayed stars	Kashmir (India)		1,762	1,762	1,770	1,770	weak to moderate Fe spectrum	generally inert	generally inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,772	0,008	0,008			near colourless to deep blue and medium yellow	Bo Ploi, Thailand	weathered alkali basalts	1,762	1,764	1,770	1,772	medium to strong Fe (always present)	inert, occasionally weak chalky blue-green	inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,99	4,02	blue, green are most common, yellow, pink, red in lesser quantities	Mercaderes-io mayo area, Cauca, Colombia							inert	inert and weak to moderate orange to red	Gems & Gemology 1985 spring p20-25
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,98	3,99	pink, violet-red, violet, lilac, blue-lilac, bicoloured yellow/blue and yellow/violet	Municipio de Mahuacu, Sacramento, Minas Gerais, Brazil									Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2000 Sep, p173-174
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,771	0,008	0,008	3,97	4	blue, yellow, bicoloured blue and yellow	Ambondromifehy, Antsiranana Province, Madagascar		1,762	1,763	1,770	1,771	blue : bands 450, 387, 377nm			Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1997 Sep, p123-124
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,97	3,99	blue	Malawi									Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1990 Apr, p89-92
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,775	0,008	0,01	3,95	4,05	blue	Loch Roag, Isle of Lewis, Scotland		1,762	1,767	1,772	1,775	diffuse braod band at 450nm	inert	inert	The Journal of Gemmology 1984 Vol XIX, N°4, p336-342
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,774	0,008	0,009	3,93	3,99	pink, brownish-red, red	Ngoronghoro, Morogoro Region,Tanzania		1,762	1,765	1,770	1,774				Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1989 Apr, p44-46
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,775	0,007	0,01	3,96	4,05	purple, purplish red	Marosely, Madagascar		1,769	1,775	1,762	1,767	Cr³+	inert to weak: red	inert to strong: red	The Journal of Gemmology 2009 Vol 31/N°5-8, p171-179
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	3,92	4,17	blue		cobalt-doped glass-filled; Strong red to orange-red with chelsea filter, red colour concentrated in the fissures					lines at 450, 460, 471 nm; Co-glass spectrum from the glass	inert to weak red	inert to weak red	http://www.ruby-sapphire.com/glass-filled-sapphire.htm 2013
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	40	4,01	dark blue		star sapphire, semi-transparent to semi-translucent					bands at 450, 460, and 470 nm	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 1998 Summer, p140-141
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77					blue	Kashmir, India	6.70 ct					line at 450 nm (Fe) and in the red (Cr	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 1983 Summer, p74
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	4,03	4,03	orangy yellow		filled with lead glass, 4.27 ct					absorption band at around 450nm	reddish orange	reddish orange	Gems & Gemology 2014 Spring, p92-93
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,772	0,008	0,009	3,98	4,01	yellow+blue+green+brown, "gold sheen"		gold sheen sapphire, 14 sapphires up to 97.69ct						inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 2016 Winter, p413-414
Corundum - Sapphire	1,762	1,77	0,008	0,008	4	4	purple	Montana	10.47ct						inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 2020 Summer p286
Corundum - Sapphire	1,763	1,775	0,008	0,008	3,99	4,03		Madagascar		1,763	1,767	1,771	1,775				Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1996 Dec, p155
Corundum - Sapphire	1,763	1,773	0,008	0,008	3,97	3,98	orange (padparadscha)	Malawi		1,763	1,765	1,771	1,773				Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1989 Dec, p164-165
Corundum - Sapphire	1,763	1,773	0,008	0,008	3,99	4,06	reddish brown	Umba Valley, Tanzania	0.88 to 7.8 ct	1,763	1,765	1,771	1,773	450nm line, 693nm doublet			The Journal of Gemmology 1984 Vol 19, N°2, p139-144
Corundum - Sapphire	1,763	1,774	0,008	0,01			greenish yellow	Ploi Waen area of Chanthaburi, Thailand		1,763	1,765	1,772	1,774				Gems & Gemology 2016 Fall, p 325-326
Corundum - Sapphire	1,763	1,772	0,009	0,009	4,01	4,01	orangy yellow	Chanthaburi, Thailand	3.89ct					band at 450-470nm, line at 477nm	inert	inert	GIA Gem Database 35147
Corundum - Sapphire	1,764	1,778	0,008	0,008			medium yellow to greenish yellow to deep yellow-orange, golden-star	Chantaburi (Thailand)	weathered alkali basalts	1,764	1,770	1,772	1,778	strong Fe spectrum	inert, occasionaly weak red	inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,764	1,778	0,008	0,008			green to blue, (Chantaburi generally dark and inky; Phrae generally dark but slightly violet), black stars	Chantaburi & Phrae (Thailand)	weathered alkali basalts	1,764	1,770	1,772	1,778	always strong Fe spectrum	inert	inert	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
Corundum - Sapphire	1,764	1,772	0,008	0,008	3,98	3,98	blue	China									Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1997 Jun, p64
Corundum - Sapphire	1,764	1,773	0,009	0,009	3,97	3,97		Lodwar, Lake Turkana, Kenya									Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1989 Aug, p89-94
Corundum - Sapphire	1,764	1,772	0,008	0,008	3,98	4,03	dark blue to very dark blue	Maydan Sahr, Afghanistan	0.40 and 0.72 ct					450, 460, and 470 nm bands	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 2002 Summer, p181
Corundum - Sapphire	1,764	1,775	0,008	0,01			yellow	Anakie area in Queensland, Australia		1,764	1,766	1,773	1,775				Gems & Gemology 2016 Fall, p 325-326
Corundum - Sapphire	1,764	1,772	0,008	0,008	4,02	4,02	dark yellowish green	Thailand	5.28ct					lines at 450, 468nm	inert	inert	GIA Gem Database 35128
Corundum - Sapphire	1,765	1,773	0,008	0,008	3,98	4,06	brownish-orange	Tanzania							inert	inert	The Journal of Gemmology 1985 Jan, p390
Corundum - Sapphire	1,765	1,775	0,01	0,01	3,95	4,03	yellow to brownish green to blue	Yabelo, Ethiopia						bands at 450, 460, 470nm	inert	inert	Gems & Gemology 2011 Fall, p247
Corundum - Sapphire	1,768	1,777	0,009	0,009	3,98	4,05	yellow-brown, reddish orange	Kalalani, Tanzania						450nm	none	none	Gems & Gemology 1999 summer p116
Corundum - Sapphire	1,78	1,788	0,008	0,008			pink		0.95ct, Cr-diffused					Cr	weak red with chalky blue-white patches	strong red	The Journal of Gemmology 2015 Vol 34, No.6, p486-488

TABLES

Stone	RI min	RI max	Biref min	Biref max	Dens min	Dens max	ne min	ne max	no min	no max	Reference
Corundum	1.757	1.779	0.008	0.009	3.99	4.1					http://www.gemmology.be
corundum	1.757	1.779	0.007	0.009	3.8	4.06	1.757	1.770	1.765	1.779	http://www.geminterest.com
Corundum - Sapphire	1.757	1.774	0.008	0.009	3.99	4.01	1.757	1.765	1.766	1.774	http://www.geminterest.com
Corundum	1.757	1.779	0.08	0.009	3.97	4.1	1.757	1.770	1.765	1.779	Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007
Corundum - Sapphire	1.757	1.779	0.008	0.01	3.95	4.1					Gemology Tools Professional 2010
corundum	1.758	1.78	0.007	0.01	3.9	4.05	1.758	1.770	1.766	1.780	Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn, 2004
corundum	1.759	1.778	0.008	0.008	3.97	4.03	1.759	1.769	1.767	1.778	Tabellen zur Edelstein-Bestimmung, Pschichholz FGA, 1975
Corundum - Sapphire	1.76	1.775	0.008	0.009	3.9	4.05					Gemmo.eu
Corundum - Sapphire	1.762	1.78	0.008	0.008	3.95	4.03					Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine, Birgit Günther, 1981
Corundum - Sapphire					3.96	4.05					John Sinkakas, Gemstone and mineral data book,1972

CAUSE OF COLOUR

Stone	Colour	Cause of colour	Reference
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Fe²+-O-Ti4+ charge transfer with influence of Fe²+->Fe³+ charge transfer	Gems & Gemology Summer 1988
Corundum - Sapphire	colour-change	Cr³+and/or V³+in octahedral coordination in a particular range of concentration	Gems & Gemology Summer 1988
Corundum - Sapphire	dark brown	Mechanical colour due to dark brown colour of exsolved hematite plates (mainly black star sapphire)	Weibel&essicken (1981)(Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997)
Corundum - Sapphire	green	Ion pair transitions on individual ions of pair Fe³+ - Fe³+, plus Fe2+->Ti4+ charge transfer	Emmett&Douthit (1993) (Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997)
Corundum - Sapphire	green	Combination of one of the yellow causes with blue cause	Nassau (1994) (Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997)
Corundum - Sapphire	greyish blue	Fe²+ -> Fe³+ intervalence charge transfer (without Fe³+-O-Ti4+ charge transfer)	Gems & Gemology 1993 Fall p151
Corundum - Sapphire	orange pink (padparadscha)	Cr4+ in octahedral coordination due to Cr4+ and Mg²+ substituting for two Al³+ in the crystal structure	Gems & Gemology Summer 1988
Corundum - Sapphire	orange to orange-brown	Cr³+ in octahedral coordination and one or more of the yellow causes	Emmett&Douthit (1993) (Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997)
Corundum - Sapphire	orange-brown heated	orange colour centers, Mg +Cr +Fe	The Journal of Gemmology, 2004,29,3,149-182
Corundum - Sapphire	orangey-yellow diffusion treated	Be + (Cr,Fe,Mg) dopant (causing colour center)	The Journal of Gemmology, 2004,29,3,149-182
Corundum - Sapphire	pale brown diffusion treated	Be dopant (causing colour center)	The Journal of Gemmology, 2004,29,3,149-182
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Cr³+ in octahedral coordination	Gems & Gemology Summer 1988
Corundum - Sapphire	pink orange, orange-red, diffusion treated	Be + (Cr,Fe) dopant (causing colour center)	The Journal of Gemmology, 2004,29,3,149-182
Corundum - Sapphire	purple	Fe²+-O-Ti4+ charge transfer coexisting with Cr³+ in octahedral coordination	Gems & Gemology Summer 1988
Corundum - Ruby	red	Cr³+ in octahedral coordination which have replaced Al³+	Fritsch&Rossman (1987) (Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997)
Corundum - Sapphire	reddish-orange	Mn³+	The Journal of Gemmology, 2000, Vol27, N°1, p2
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow	O²- ->Fe³+ charge transfer	Schmetzer 1982, Nassau 1987, Gems & Gemology Summer 1988
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow	Ion pair transitions on individual ions of pair Fe³+ - Fe³+	Fergusson and Fielding 1971, Gems & Gemology Summer 1988
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow	Colour center hole pair resulting from insufficient charge when any divalent impurity (such as Mg²+) replaces Al³+	Emmett&Douthit (1993) (Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997)
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow	A variety of colour centers	Nassau&Valente (1987) (Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997)
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow diffusion treated	Be + Fe dopant (causing colour center)	The Journal of Gemmology, 2004,29,3,149-182
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow diffusion treated	Be + (Fe,Mg) dopant (causing colour center)	The Journal of Gemmology, 2004,29,3,149-182

MINERAL INCLUSIONS

Inclusion	Stone	Reference
albite	Corundum - Sapphire	E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)
allanite	Corundum - Sapphire	Delaunay A. Univ. de Nantes, étude (2003-2004) http://aurelien.delaunay.free.fr
almandine	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
analcime	Corundum - Sapphire	Gübelin & Koivula 1986
andesine	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
anorthite	Corundum - Sapphire	Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983
apatite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn , GGA, 2004
baddeleyite	Corundum - Sapphire	Journal of Gemmology 1997, 25, 7, p453-516
barite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
biotite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
boehmite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
brookite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gübelin & Koivula 1986
bytownite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
calcite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn , GGA, 2004
chalcopyrite	Corundum - Sapphire	Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983
chlorite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
chondrodite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
clinozoisite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
columbite	Corundum - Sapphire	Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983
corundum	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
cristobalite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
diamond	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology 1997 winter p299
diaspore	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
diopside	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
dolomite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
dravite	Corundum - Sapphire	Delaunay A. Univ. de Nantes, étude (2003-2004) http://aurelien.delaunay.free.fr
epidote	Corundum - Sapphire	E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)
fassaite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
felspar	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
fergusonite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
fluorite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
gahnospinel	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
gibbsite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
glass	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
goethite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
grandidierite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Spring 2019, p111-112
graphite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
hedenbergite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems&Gemology summer 1996
hematite	Corundum - Sapphire	Delaunay A. Univ. de Nantes, étude (2003-2004) http://aurelien.delaunay.free.fr
hercynite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, R. Hughes, 1997
hornblende	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
humite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
ilmenite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
kaolinite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
kyanite	Corundum - Sapphire	E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)
labradorite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
magnetite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
margarite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
mica	Corundum - Sapphire	http://www.gemresearch.ch
monazite	Corundum - Sapphire	Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983
muscovite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
nahcolite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
nepheline	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology 2021 winter, p304
nordstrandite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
olivine	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
orthoclase	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
pargasite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
pentlandite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
phlogopite	Corundum - Sapphire	http://www.gemresearch.ch
plagioclase	Corundum - Sapphire	Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983
pyrite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
pyrochlore	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
pyrope	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
pyrrhotite	Corundum - Sapphire	http://www.gemresearch.ch
quartz	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
rutile	Corundum - Sapphire	Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn , GGA, 2004
sapphirine	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
scapolite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
spessartine	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
sphalerite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
spinel	Corundum - Sapphire	http://www.gemresearch.ch
sulphur	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
thorianite	Corundum - Sapphire	Journal of Gemmology 1997, 25, 7, p453-516
thorite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
titanite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
topaz	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Winter 2015 p 379
tourmaline	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology 1990 winter
uraninite	Corundum - Sapphire	http://www.gemresearch.ch
uranpyrochlore	Corundum - Sapphire	Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983
uvite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gems & Gemology Spring 1997
vermicullite	Corundum - Sapphire	Ruby & Sapphire, Hughes 1997
zirconolite	Corundum - Sapphire	Journal of Gemmology 1997, 25, 7, p453-516
zirconolite	Corundum - Sapphire	Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn , GGA, 2004
zoisite	Corundum - Sapphire	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987

LOCALITIES

STONE	LOCALITIES				REFERENCE
Corundum-Sapphire		Maydan Shahr		Afghanistan	Gems & Gemology 2004 Winter p343
Corundum-Sapphire		Inverell	New South Wales	Australia	Carroll, J. (2002)
Corundum-Sapphire	Vulcan State forest	Oberon	New south Wales	Australia	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire		Anakie	Queensland	Australia	Geïllustreerde Mineralen Encyclopedie, Petr Korbel & Milan Novak, 2001
Corundum-Sapphire		Jauru	Matto Grosso	Brazil	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
Corundum-Sapphire		Indala	Minas Gerais	Brazil	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire		Chamnop	Cardamom	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Pailin District	Krong Pailin (Pailin) Municipality	Cambodja	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
Corundum-Sapphire	Phnum Ko Ngoap	Pailin District	Krong Pailin (Pailin) Municipality	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Phnum O Tang	Pailin District	Krong Pailin (Pailin) Municipality	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Phnum Yat	Pailin District	Krong Pailin (Pailin) Municipality	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Bo Kham	Virochey	Rattanakiri (Rotanokiri) Province	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Bokeo	Virochey	Rattanakiri (Rotanokiri) Province	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Voeune Sai	Virochey	Rattanakiri (Rotanokiri) Province	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Chamnom	Rovieng	Cambodja	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Passmore (Blu Moon, Blu starr, Sapphire Hill)	Slocan Valley	British Columbia	Canada	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Beluga	Baffin Island	Nunavut Territory	Canada	InColor Fall-Winter 2007-2008, p17
Corundum-Sapphire	Kimmirut	Baffin Island	Nunavut Territory	Canada	InColor Fall-Winter 2007-2008, p17
Corundum-Sapphire	Penglai Gem deposit, Penglai	Ding'an	Hainan Province (Hainan Island)	China	Qiu Zhili et al (2005): Chinese Science Bulletin 50(22), 2602-2611.
Corundum-Sapphire		Mulan	Heilongjiang Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)	China	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p314
Corundum-Sapphire	Liuhe	Fujian	Jiangsu	China	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p314
Corundum-Sapphire	Mingxi	Fujian	Jiangsu	China	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p314
Corundum-Sapphire			Qinghai (Chinghai) Province	China	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p314
Corundum-Sapphire	Sapphire deposit, Wutu, Changle	Weifang Prefecture	Shandong Province	China	Qiu Zhili, et al(2005): Chinese Science Bulletin 50(22), 2602-2611.
Corundum-Sapphire		Taxkorgan	Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region	China	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p314
Corundum-Sapphire		Mercaderes	Cauca Department	Colombia	Gems & Gemology 2003 winter p330
Corundum-Sapphire		Mercaderes	Cauca Department	Colombia	Gems & Gemology 2000 fall p268
Corundum-Sapphire		southwest coast		Greenland	Gems & Gemology 2009 Winter p249
Corundum-Sapphire	Aappaluttoq Ruby Mine, Fiskenaesset (Fiskenaesset; Qeqertarsuatsiaat)	Nuuk (Godthab)	Sermersooq	Greenland	The Journal of Gemmology 2016, Vol 35 (4), p294-306
Corundum-Sapphire		Anatapur	Andhra Pradesh	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Kakinada	Andhra Pradesh	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Khaman	Andhra Pradesh	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Nellore	Andhra Pradesh	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Soomjam	Kargil	Jammu and Kashmir	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p314
Corundum-Sapphire		Hassan	Karanataka	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Kolar	Karanataka	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Tumkur	Karanataka	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Travancore	Kerala	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Trivandrum	Kerala (Travancore)	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Banjipadar	Kalahandi	Orissa	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Sargiguda	Kalahandi	Orissa	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Amera	Nawapada	Orissa	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Katamal	Nawapada	Orissa	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Chinnadharapuram	Kangayam	Tamil Nadu	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Malaipatti	Kangayam	Tamil Nadu	India	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Semizbugy	Qaraghandy Oblysy (Karaganda Oblast')	Kazakhstan	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Chania River	Thika	Central Province	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kubi Kan	Chandler's Falls	Eastern Province	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Garba Tula	Eastern Province	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kinyiki Hill	Mtitio Andei	Eastern Province	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Lodwar	Kenya Rift Valley	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Don Dol	Loldaika Hills	Kenya Rift Valley	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Samburu	Mararal	Kenya Rift Valley	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Murua Rith Hills	Kenya Rift Valley	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Pelekech Mountains	Kenya Rift Valley	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		West Pokot	Kenya Rift Valley	Kenya	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Huai Sai (Ban Houay Xai)	Annam Highlands		Laos	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Antanifotsy pegmatite, Faratsiho Department	Vakinankaratra Region (Betafo - Antsirabé region)	Antananarivo Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Ambilobe	Antsiranana Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Amboudrohefeha	Ambondromifehy	Antsiranana Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 Winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Milanoa	Antsiranana Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Andranolava	Fianarantsoa Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Marosely sapphire deposit, Ranotsara North Commune, Iakora District	Horombe Region	Fianarantsoa Province	Madagascar	The Journal of Gemmology 2009, Vol 31/N°5-8, p171-179
Corundum-Sapphire	Sahambano, Ihosy, Ihosy Department	Horombe Region	Fianarantsoa Province	Madagascar	Giuliani, G., Fallick, A.,et al (2007): Mineralium Deposita 42, 251-270.
Corundum-Sapphire	Zazafotsy Quarry, Ambahatraso, Amboarohy, Ihosy, Ihosy Department	Horombe region	Fianarantsoa Province	Madagascar	Giuliani, G., et al (2007): Mineralium Deposita 42, 251-270.
Corundum-Sapphire	Bekily	Amboasary	Tuléar (Toliara ) Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Andranondambo	Tuléar (Toliara) Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Betroka	Tuléar (Toliara) Province	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Chimwadzulu Hill	Ntcheu		Malawi	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
Corundum-Sapphire	Kyauk Kyi	Singu		Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kyauksaikan	Singu		Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	New-Yan	Singu		Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Panhka	Mansi	Kachin State	Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Nanyazeik (Nayazeik; Naniazeik)	Myitkyina district	Kachin State	Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Thabeitkyin	Irrawaddy river	Mandalay	Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Mogok	Mandalay	Myanmar	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
Corundum-Sapphire	Dawna Hills	Hlaingbwe River Valley	Sagaing Division	Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Momeik	Shan State	Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Mong Hsak River	Mong Hsak	Shan State	Myanmar	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Dhading	Ganesh Himal	Gandaki	Nepal	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Mabila		Nigeria	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Jemaa	Kaduna	Nigeria	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Batakundi		Pakistan	Gems & Gemology 2004 winter p343
Corundum-Sapphire		Cyangugu		Ruanda	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Kedrovka	Primorskiy Kray	Russia	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Loch Roag	Isle of Lewis	Outer Hebrides	Scotland UK	Jackson, B. 1984. Sapphire from Loch Roag, Isle of Lewis, Scotland. J.Gemmol. 19,336-42
Corundum-Sapphire				Sri Lanka	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
Corundum-Sapphire	Bibile	Badulla	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Haputale	Badulla	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Koslanda	Badulla	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Lunugala	Badulla	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Passara	Badulla	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Avissawella	Kegalla	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Matale	Matale	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Maskeliya	Nuwara Eliya	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Nawalapitiya	Nuwara Eliya	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Talawakele	Nuwara Eliya	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Hatton	Nuwara Elyia	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kuruwitenna	Nuwara Elyia	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Elahera	Polonnaruwa	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kalahagala	Polonnaruwa	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kaluganga Valley	Polonnaruwa	Central Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Balangoda	Sabaragamuwa province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Rakwana	Sabaragamuwa province	Sri Lanka	Geïllustreerde Mineralen Encyclopedie, Petr Korbel & Milan Novak, 2001
Corundum-Sapphire		Ratnapura	Sabaragamuwa province	Sri Lanka	Geïllustreerde Mineralen Encyclopedie, Petr Korbel & Milan Novak, 2001
Corundum-Sapphire	Eheliyagoda	Ratnapura	Sabaragamuwa Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kiriella	Ratnapura	Sabaragamuwa Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Nivitigala	Ratnapura	Sabaragamuwa Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Pelmadulla	Ratnapura	Sabaragamuwa Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Ambalantota	Hambantota	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Ridiyagama	Hambantota	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Alutgama	Kalutara	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Horana	Kalutara	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Akuressa	Matara	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Morawaka	Matara	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Amarawera	Monaragala	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Embilipitiya	Monaragala	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kataragama	Monaragala	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kochchikatana	Monaragala	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Kochipatana	Monaragala	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Monaragala	Monaragala	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Okkampitiya	Monaragala	Southern Province	Sri Lanka	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Monaragala	Badulla	Uva Province	Sri Lanka	http://www.keysminerals.com/exc.html
Corundum-Sapphire	Turakuloma	Pamir Mts	Viloyati Mukhtori Gorno-Badakhshan	Tajikistan	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Umba Valley	Lelatema Mts	Arusha region	Tanzania	Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31
Corundum-Sapphire		Magogoni	Morogoro Region	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Mahenge	Morogoro Region	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Matombo	Morogoro Region	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Mvuha	Morogoro Region	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire	Amanimakoro	Songea	Ruvuma Region	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p314
Corundum-Sapphire		Tunduru-Songea area	Ruvuma Region	Tanzania	Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31
Corundum-Sapphire		Singida	Singida Region	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Kalalani	Tanga	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire		Umba Valley	Tanga	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p315
Corundum-Sapphire				Thailand	Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987
Corundum-Sapphire	Bang Kha Cha area	Tha Mai	Chanthaburi	Thailand	Lapis 11/2001
Corundum-Sapphire	Bo I Rem		Chanthaburi Province	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Khao Wao	Tha Mai	Chanthaburi Province	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Khaoi Ploi Waen	Tha Mai	Chanthaburi Province	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Chang Dan		Kanchanaburi Province	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire			Kantharalak	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire			Nam yun	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Khok Samran		Petchabun	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Marp Samo		Petchabun	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Khlong Yang		Petchabun	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Bo Kaeo	Denchai	Phrae	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Huai Mae Sung	Denchai	Phrae	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire			Si Sa Ket	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Huai Po	Si Satchanalal	Sukothai	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Pak Sin	Si Satchanalal	Sukothai	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ban Sam Saen	Si Satchanalal	Sukothai	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire			Ubon Ratchanthani	Thailand	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Dry Cottonwood Creek	Deer Lodge County	Montana	USA	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Vortex mine, Yogo Gulch	Judith Basin County	Montana	USA	Gems & Gemology 2001 summer p 150
Corundum-Sapphire	Eldorado Bar, Helena area, Helena, Helena District (Spring Hill District)	Lewis County and Clark County	Montana	USA	Natural History Museum Vienna collection
Corundum-Sapphire	Da Ban	Phan Thiet	Bin Thuan Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology (1995) 31 (3), 168-186; Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Ma Lam	Phan Thiet	Bin Thuan Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Gia Kiem	Xa Gia Kiem	Dong Nai	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Sau Le	Xa Gia Kiem	Dong Nai	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Tien Co	Xa Gia Kiem	Dong Nai	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Xa Vo	Xa Gia Kiem	Dong Nai	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Binh Dien	Di Linh	Lam Dong Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology (1995) 31 (3), 168-186,Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Di Linh	Di Linh	Lam Dong Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Bu Khang	Bu Khang	Nghe An (Nghe Tinh) Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Qui Hoop	Bu Khang	Nghe An (Nghe Tinh) Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Thong Luan	Xuan Le	Thanh Hoa	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Hin Om	Luc Yen	Yen Bai Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Khau Sum	Luc Yen	Yen Bai Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Khoan Thong	Luc Yen	Yen Bai Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Lung Thin	Luc Yen	Yen Bai Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Nuoc Lonh	Luc Yen	Yen Bai Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Nuoc Ngap	Luc Yen	Yen Bai Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316
Corundum-Sapphire	Phai Chep	Luc Yen	Yen Bai Province	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p316

CHEMICAL DATA

Stone	Colour	Locality		Reference	SiO2	Al2O3	MnO	MgO	FeO	TiO2	CaO	Na2O	Cr2O3	Fe2O3	Ga2O3	Fe2O3	CuO	La2O3	SnO2	Y2O3	Ta2O5	Nb2O5	WO3
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.066	0.006					0.033
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.09	0.03	0.061				0.055
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.122	0.026	0.039				0.011
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.07	0.024	0.017			0.004	0.017
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.059	0.036	0.017			0.006	0.02
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.055	0.028	0.029			0.005	0.023
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.276	0.017	0.066
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.108	0.01	0.06		0.003		0.012
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.179	0.011	0.037				0.013
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.091	0.043	0.048			0.004	0.011
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.021	0.024	0.039				0.014
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.134	0.028	0.041				0.015
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.048	0.065	0.039				0.016
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.096	0.022	0.016		0.006	0.003	0.014
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.097	0.031	0.029				0.014
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.079	0.018					0.005
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.046	0.033	0.011		0.002	0.005	0.018
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.058	0.018				0.002	0.013
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.748	0.016	0.021		0.0015	0.005
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.091	0.049	0.069				0.008
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.099	0.048	0.045			0.004	0.005
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.117	0.018					0.003
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.246	0.032			0.002	0.004	0.019
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.116	0.036	0.047			0.003	0.012
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless			Gems & Gemology 1999 Spring p38					0.042	0.013					0.005
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Jegdalek	Afghanistan	Gems & Gemology 2000 Summer p123		99.3			0.068	0.046			0.009	0.012
Corundum - Sapphire	purple	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103									0.04			0.54
Corundum - Sapphire	purple pink	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.05			0.13		0.01	0.63
Corundum - Sapphire	brownish pink	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.02			0.04			0.54
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103									0.09			0.37
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103									0.09			0.42
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103									0.09			0.44
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103									0.11			0.41
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.05			0.2		0.01	1.09
Corundum - Sapphire	bright red	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.02			0.2			0.36
Corundum - Sapphire	violet	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.07			0.06		0.01	0.82
Corundum - Sapphire	lavender	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.03			0.04		0.01	0.72
Corundum - Sapphire	light purple	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.05			0.06		0.01	0.8
Corundum - Sapphire	pale lavender	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.03			0.03			0.79
Corundum - Sapphire	greyish lavender	Barrington Tops, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p103						0.02			0.05		0.01	0.8
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Barrington, New South Wales	Australia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.1					0.02	2
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Barrington, New South Wales	Australia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.02			0.005		0.03	1.1
Corundum - Sapphire	purple-red	Barrington, New South Wales	Australia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.03			0.02			0.5
Corundum - Sapphire	violet-blue	Barrington, New South Wales	Australia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.06			0.03	0.02		0.8
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Barrington, New South Wales	Australia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.03			0.02			0.8
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.03			0.21		0.01	0.57			0.13
Corundum - Sapphire	pale pink	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.1			0.17			0.69			0.06
Corundum - Sapphire	deep pink	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.11			0.38			3.22
Corundum - Sapphire	very pale violet	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.13			0.07		0.01	1.32
Corundum - Sapphire	violet	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.19			0.13		0.01	1.33
Corundum - Sapphire	orange	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.06			0.06		0.03	0.69
Corundum - Sapphire	very pale pink	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.02			0.06		0	0.89
Corundum - Sapphire	pale pink	Bingara, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p111						0.15			0.11		0	0.57
Corundum - Sapphire	purple pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.19			0.36		0.01	0.31			0.22
Corundum - Sapphire	purple pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.09			0.22		0.01	0.58			0.34
Corundum - Sapphire	lavender pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.66			0.08		0.01	0.47			0.51
Corundum - Sapphire	lavender pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.16			0.09		0.01	0.67
Corundum - Sapphire	very pale pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.04			0.06		0.01	0.46			0.25
Corundum - Sapphire	pale pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.01			0.06			0.69			0.01
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.18			0.19			0.36			0.28
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.11			0.4			0.52
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.8			0.49			0.28			0.09
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Cudgegong River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p106						0.06			0.44			0.28
Corundum - Sapphire	purple pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.04			0.32		0.01	0.51			0.22
Corundum - Sapphire	purple pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.03			0.33		0.01	0.49			0.07
Corundum - Sapphire	lavender pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.03			0.14		0.01	0.51			0.35
Corundum - Sapphire	lavender pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.04			0.2		0.01	0.36			0.11
Corundum - Sapphire	pale pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.01			0.08		0.01	0.33			0.08
Corundum - Sapphire	pale pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.02			0.08		0.01	0.3			0.41
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.02			0.12		0.01	0.45			0.3
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.12			0.23			0.51			0.43
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.03			0.55		0.01	0.36			0.2
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink	Macquarie River, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p105						0.01			0.24			0.25
Corundum - Sapphire	bright pink orange	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.03		0.05	0.55
Corundum - Sapphire	pale purple blue	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.02		0.04	0.26
Corundum - Sapphire	purple blue	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.01		0.03	0.28
Corundum - Sapphire	blue purple	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.04		0.02	0.45
Corundum - Sapphire	very pale purple	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.02		0.04	0.32
Corundum - Sapphire	purple	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.01		0.04	0.29
Corundum - Sapphire	light purple	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.04		0.03	0.98
Corundum - Sapphire	purple pink	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.05		0.06	0.69
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow orange	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.02		0.04	1.16
Corundum - Sapphire	bright orange	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.04		0.05	0.53
Corundum - Sapphire	deep pink orange	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.05		0.04	0.45			0.02
Corundum - Sapphire	medium pink orange	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.06		0.03	0.89			0.02
Corundum - Sapphire	pale orange pink	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.03		0.02	0.62
Corundum - Sapphire	medium orange pink	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.14		0.05	0.67			0.06
Corundum - Sapphire	light pink	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109									0.06		0.01	0.42
Corundum - Sapphire	yellow	Swan Brook, New England, New South Wales	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p109											0.04	0.84
Corundum - Sapphire	deep pink	Tumbarumba	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p113						0.27			0.19		0	0.67
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Tumbarumba	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p113						0.35			0.22		0	0.59
Corundum - Sapphire	light pink	Tumbarumba	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p113						0.2			0.11		0	1.09
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Tumbarumba	Australia	The Australian Gemmologist 2007, Vol23, N°3,p113						0.03			0.24			0.7
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Pailin	Cambodia	Revue de Gemmologie AFG, Sep 2005, N°153 p10
Corundum - Sapphire	light pink	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	light pink	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	purple pink	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	purple	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	purple	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	purple	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	lavender	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	blue with pink	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	Medium blue	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	light blue	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	light blue	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	light pink	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Australian Gemmologist 2009,Vol 23, N°9, 373-432
Corundum - Sapphire	purple-red	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.03			0.4			0.6
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.01					0.03	0.5
Corundum - Sapphire	violet-blue	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.06			0.1	0.01		0.8
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85						0.1			0.04	0.01		1
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	West Pailin	Cambodia	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol 26, N°2, p65-85	0.03	98.14	0.03	0.04	0.7	0.01	0.02		0.2
Corundum - Sapphire		Baffin Island	Canada	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.026					0.018			0.018	0.005	0.007	0.391		0.001	0.002	0.001
Corundum - Sapphire		Bancroft, Ontario	Canada	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404						0.031			0.002	0.001	0.01	0.281		0.002	0.001
Corundum - Sapphire	cat's eye		East Africa	The Journal of Gemmology 1995, Vol 24, N°8, p 574	0.2	98.46	0.06	0.01	1.02	0.03			0.09	0.02
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Kashmir	India	Revue de Gemmologie AFG, Sep 2005, N°153 p10
Corundum - Sapphire		Ben Huai Sai	Laos	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.004					0.278			0.021	0.007	0.057	0.877	0.002	0.001	0.037	0.002	0.13	0.181	0.011
Corundum - Sapphire	blue		Madagascar	The Journal of Gemmology 1996, Vol 25, N°3, p184	0.04	99.93				0.05			0.31		0.02
Corundum - Sapphire	blue		Madagascar	The Journal of Gemmology 1996, Vol 25, N°3, p184	0.04	99.81	0.01		0.5	0.1			0.02		0.03
Corundum - Sapphire	blue		Madagascar	The Journal of Gemmology 1996, Vol 25, N°3, p184	0.03	99.9	0.02	0.01	0.29	0.07			0.03		0.03
Corundum - Sapphire		Andranondambo	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 1996 summer, p96						0.06					0.02	0.36
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Andranondambo	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology Summer 1996 p88						0.05					0.02	0.36
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Andranondambo	Madagascar	Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1996, Mar p20	0.03	99.84	0.02	0.01	0.29	0.07			0.03		0.003
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Andranondambo	Madagascar	Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1996, Mar p20	0.04	99.81	0.01		0.5	0.1			0.02		0.03
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Andranondambo	Madagascar	Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1996, Mar p20	0.04	99.93			0.31	0.05			0.02		0.02
Corundum - Sapphire		Antanifotsy	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology 1996 summer, p96						0.06					0.01	1.94
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Antanifotsy	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology Summer 1996 p88						0.06					0.01	1.95
Corundum - Sapphire	brown to yellowish violet	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.38		0.01	0.315	0.012			0.094	0.009	0.011
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		97.99		0.012	0.254	0.011			0.027		0.019
Corundum - Sapphire	light blue	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.41		0.009	0.293	0.012			0.096	0.009	0.015
Corundum - Sapphire	greenish grey	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		98.67		0.013	0.289	0.013			0.043		0.009
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.35		0.013	0.301	0.013			0.059	0.006	0.013
Corundum - Sapphire	orange	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.7		0.007	0.284				0.047		0.008
Corundum - Sapphire	pinkish orange	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.28		0.009	0.242				0.102		0.017
Corundum - Sapphire	dark pink	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.6		0.009	0.273				0.068		0.018
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.8		0.012	0.246	0.006			0.103		0.017
Corundum - Sapphire	pink-violet	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.08		0.011	0.329	0.008			0.14	0.008	0.021
Corundum - Sapphire	fuchsia	Sahambano	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.67		0.009	0.291				0.253		0.013
Corundum - Sapphire	red	Sahambano	Madagascar	Gems & Gemology Summer 1996 p88		99.2		0.008	0.269				0.208		0.022
Corundum - Sapphire	light pink	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99		0.007	0.307	0.002			0.111	0.005	0.01
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.14		0.011	0.314	0.007			0.05	0.005	0.014
Corundum - Sapphire	mauve to pink	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.51		0.011	0.31	0.008			0.138	0.002	0.022
Corundum - Sapphire	orange to violet	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		98.64		0.006	0.306	0.006			0.113	0.004	0.009
Corundum - Sapphire	pink orange to violet	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.25		0.012	0.308	0.005			0.151	0.007	0.016
Corundum - Sapphire	mauve	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		98.66		0.004	0.288	0.005			0.143	0.005	0.014
Corundum - Sapphire	brown to violet	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.22			0.294	0.01			0.158	0.006	0.22
Corundum - Sapphire	dark pink	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		98.64		0.006	0.306	0.006			0.163	0.004	0.009
Corundum - Sapphire	fuchsia	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		98.63		0.008	0.299				0.188	0.005	0.012
Corundum - Sapphire	light blue	Zazafotsy	Madagascar	Revue de Gemmologie A.F.G. Dec 2006 N°158 p8		99.07			0.309	0.016			0.034	0.007	0.005
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Mogok	Myanmar	Revue de Gemmologie AFG, Sep 2005, N°153 p10
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Kootchinskoye, Ural Mts	Russia	Gems & Gemology winter 1994, p249		98.28							0.51
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Kootchinskoye, Ural Mts	Russia	Gems & Gemology winter 1994, p249		98.11		0.12					0.35
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Kootchinskoye, Ural Mts	Russia	Gems & Gemology winter 1994, p249		98.43							0.11
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Kootchinskoye, Ural Mts	Russia	Gems & Gemology winter 1994, p249		98.33							0.38
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Kootchinskoye, Ural Mts	Russia	Gems & Gemology winter 1994, p249		98.89			0.04				0.21
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Sutara	Russia	Gems & Gemology 2016 Fall, p 260		98.25	0.01	0.09		0.07	0.1	0.36			1.09	0.43
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Sutara	Russia	Gems & Gemology 2016 Fall, p 260		97.3	0.01	0.11		0.09	0.13	0.42			1.14	0.54
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Cyangugu district	Rwanda	The Journal of Gemmology 1996, Vol 25, N°2, p98		99.53				0.01			0.01	0.01	0.04	0.46
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Cyangugu district	Rwanda	The Journal of Gemmology 1996, Vol 25, N°2, p98		99.31				0.01						0.55
Corundum - Sapphire		Etive	Scotland	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.049		0.002			0.16			0.103	0.023	0.018	0.177		0.001	0.001	0.003
Corundum - Sapphire		Mull	Scotland	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.02					0.347			0.381	0.121	0.01	0.3		0.001	0.002	0.003
Corundum - Sapphire		Natal	South Africa	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.048					0.025			0.002	0.002	0.02	1.329		0.001	0.002	0.162
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Elahera	Sri Lanka	The Australian Gemmologist Feb 1986, Vol 16, Nr1, p3	0.06	99.48		0.05	0.22	0.02		0.01
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Elahera	Sri Lanka	The Australian Gemmologist Feb 1986, Vol 16, Nr1, p3		99.49	0.01		0.12	0.01	0.01
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Elahera	Sri Lanka	The Australian Gemmologist Feb 1986, Vol 16, Nr1, p3	0.03	99.71	0.03	0.02	0.17	0.01
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Elahera	Sri Lanka	The Australian Gemmologist Feb 1986, Vol 16, Nr1, p3	0.06	99.43			0.15	0.01	0.02
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Ratnapura, Balangoda	Sri Lanka	Revue de Gemmologie AFG, Sep 2005, N°153 p10
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Pamir Mts	Tajikistan	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol26, N°2, p103-109		99.6				0.068			0.185	0.016	0.01	0.004
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Pamir Mts	Tajikistan	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol26, N°2, p103-109		99.5				0.091			0.286	0.025	0.012	0.007
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Pamir Mts	Tajikistan	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol26, N°2, p103-109		99.4				0.017			0.498	0.025	0.013	0.006
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Pamir Mts	Tajikistan	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol26, N°2, p103-109		99.3				0.047			0.516	0.015	0.014	0.011
Corundum - Sapphire	pink	Pamir Mts	Tajikistan	The Journal of Gemmology 1998, Vol26, N°2, p103-109		99.5				0.156			0.224	0.024	0.012	0.018
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless	Winza	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2008 winter p 338
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Winza	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2008 winter p 338
Corundum - Sapphire	orange	Winza	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2008 winter p 338
Corundum - Sapphire	purple	Winza	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2008 winter p 338
Corundum - Sapphire	pale pink	Winza	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2008 winter p 338		98.5				0.09			0.05			0.39
Corundum - Sapphire	pale pink	Winza	Tanzania	Gems & Gemology 2008 winter p 338		98.8				0.02			0.07			0.36
Corundum - Sapphire		Ban Nong Nam Cho	Thailand	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.001					0.045			0.005	0.004	0.012	0.796		0.001		0.002			0.046
Corundum - Sapphire		Bang Kacha	Thailand	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404			0.003			0.189				0.003	0.024	0.189		0.002	0.02	0.002
Corundum - Sapphire		Bo Phloi	Thailand	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.003					0.133			0.027	0.016	0.02	0.616	0.003	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.003	0.001
Corundum - Sapphire		Bo Rai	Thailand	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.012					0.048			0.001	0.002	0.027	0.877		0.001
Corundum - Sapphire		Den Chai	Thailand	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.06					0.124			0.009	0.06	0.027	1.133		0.001	0.002	0.002
Corundum - Sapphire		Khok Samran	Thailand	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.001		0.001			0.95			0.003	0.002	0.015	1.6		0.001	0.002
Corundum - Sapphire		Nam Yun	Thailand	The Journal of Gemmology 2003, Vol 28,N°7, p404	0.003					0.02			0.005	0.003	0.033	1.239		0.001	0.001	0.002
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Yogo Gulch	USA	Revue de Gemmologie AFG, Sep 2005, N°153 p10
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Ba Be	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		99.9									0.02	0.44
Corundum - Sapphire	black	Binh Thuan	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		98.14		0.01		0.04					0.03	1.86
Corundum - Sapphire	green	Dak Nong	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		99.11				0.02			0.01		0.03	1.19
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Dak Nong	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		99.14				0.04					0.03	1.35
Corundum - Sapphire	colourless	Luc Yen	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		99.81				0.13			0.02	0.01	0.01	0.15
Corundum - Sapphire		South Vietnam	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology 1995 Fall p179			0.008			0.12			0.005	0.009	0.036	1.12
Corundum - Sapphire		South-Vietnam	Vietnam	Gems & Gemology Fall 1995 p 179			0.08		1.12	0.13			0.004	0.09	0.036
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Yen Bai - Tan Dong	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		99.31		0.01		0.19					0.03	0.67
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Yen Bai - Tan Hung	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		99.04							0.01		0.01	0.94
Corundum - Sapphire	blue	Yen Bai - Truc Lau	Vietnam	The Journal of Gemmology 2004,29,3,129-147		99.19				0.01					0.02	1.31