Stone

RI min

RI max

Dens min

Dens max

Colour

Location

Info

Spectrum

UVS

UVL

Reference

Spinel

1,709

1,709

3,67

3,67

pink

Mozambique

1.91ct

inert

moderate red

The Journal of Gemmology 2016 Vol 35, No. 2, p109-111

Spinel

1,71

1,712

3,6

3,63

pink, pink-orange

Mahenge region, Tanzania

weak anomalouis double refraction

Cr

inert to weak orangy red

weak to moderately strong red

Gems & Gemology 2004 spring, p71-72

Spinel

1,711

1,711

3,55

3,55

pink

Pamir Mts, Tajikistan

chelsea: bright red

weak emission lines at 682nm and 692nm

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1989 Aug, p85-88

Spinel

1,711

1,711

3,6

3,6

orange-red

Umba Valley, Tanzania

8.88ct

weak chromium lines, band at 560nm

extremely weak red

medium to strong red

Gems & Gemology 2004 Summer, p168

Spinel

1,711

1,719

3,59

3,67

blue

18 stones

band at 450-460nm

Gems & Gemology 1984 Spring, p34-41

Spinel

1,711

1,718

3,578

3,673

blue

Luc Yen, Vietnam

Gems & Gemology 2015 Spring, p2-16

Spinel

1,712

1,713

3,59

3,62

Tajikistan

organ pipe

weak red

strong red

Gems & Gemology 2009 spring p 57-58

Spinel

1,712

1,712

3,56

3,56

colourless

Sri Lanka

1.5ct

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1999 Jul p106

Spinel

1,712

1,719

3,58

3,73

pink to red, orange-red, reddish brown, violet, purple, light to dark and cobalt blue, some exhibit a colour change

Luc Yen, Vietnam

pink to red: red; brown/violet/blue: inert

pink to red: red; brown/violet/blue: inert

Gems & Gemology 2012 Fall, p166

Spinel

1,712

1,718

3,59

3,62

blue

Lukande, Mahenge, Tanzania

cobalt bearing, 2,11 to 10,68ct

inert

weak greenish

The Journal of Gemmology 2023 38 (5), p474-493

Spinel

1,712

1,718

3,59

3,62

blue

Lukande, Mahenge, Tanzania

cobalt bearing, 2,11 to 10,68ct

inert

weak greenish

The Journal of Gemmology 2023 38 (5), p474-493

Spinel

1,713

1,713

3,63

3,63

pink to red

Kayah State, Birma

The Australian Gemmologist 2004 Vol 22,N°2, p64-66

Spinel

1,713

1,718

3,54

3,69

pink, red,  orange-red, blue-violet

Umba-Tal, Tanzania

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1989 Dec, p166-167

Spinel

1,713

1,713

3,59

3,59

purplish red

Pamir Mts, Gorno-Badakshan Province, Tajikistan

9.79ct

broad absorption below 430, and between 520-560nm, lines at 684, 686nm

very weak red

strong red

GIA Gem Database  33496

Spinel

1,713

1,713

3,56

3,56

light violet

Okkampitiya, Sri Lanka

3,73ct

strong bluish green

The Journal of Gemmology 2022 38(3), p219

Spinel

1,714

1,729

3,58

3,6

red, brownish red, pink

Elahera, Sri Lanka

680, 675, 650nm, broad band 585-500

Gems & Gemology 1986 Summer, p87

Spinel

1,714

1,719

3,53

3,62

blue, violet, pink, purple-red

Tanzania

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1997 Mar, p37-38

Spinel

1,714

1,714

3,6

3,6

red-purple

Myanmar

20.08ct

broad absorption below 420nm, lines at 460, 480, 555nm

inert

weak red

GIA Gem Database  34661

Spinel

1,714

1,714

3,6

3,6

slightly greenish blue

Myanmar

4.88ct

broad bands at about 460, 550, and 585 nm

inert

inert

Gems & Gemology 1994 Winter, p276

Spinel

1,714

1,714

3,6

3,6

medium dark, slightly pinlkish purple in incandescent light, medium dark bluish violet in daylight

9.78ct

weak to moderate chalky, slightly yellowish green

moderate to strong chalky, slightly yellowish green

Gems & Gemology 1991 Summer, p 112

Spinel

1,714

1,714

3,6

3,6

purplish pink

Tanzania

2.28ct

very weak red

strong red

Gems & Gemology 1990 Summer, p156-157

Spinel

1,714

1,714

3,59

3,59

purple-pink

8.38ct

showed Cr3+ lines (684 and 685.5 nm) and an Fe2+ line (460 nm)

inert

weak red

Gems & Gemology 2004 Summer, p168

Spinel

1,714

1,714

medium dark violetish blue in fluorescent light and medium dark purple in incandescent

16.41ct

band at 454-461 nm, a faint fluorescent line at 552-554 nm, and a strong fluorescent line at 686 nm

inert

moderate to strong chalky red

Gems & Gemology 1990 Winter, p305

Spinel

1,714

1,715

3,69

3,72

pink

Kukh-i-Lal, Pamir Mountains, Tajikistan

0.84ct and 0.93ct

inert

moderate red

www.spec4gem.info 2017 13 October

Spinel

1,715

1,717

3,59

3,61

pink to purple, purplish red to brownish red to red

Gems & Gemology 2005 winter, p357

Spinel

1,715

1,72

3,585

3,614

red, brownish red, plum-red, lilac, violet, blue

Hunza Valley, Pakistan

red: emission lines, strongest at 685.5

some red: pink

some red: pink

Gems & Gemology 1982 Fall, p135-139

Spinel

1,715

1,718

3,58

3,61

pink

Matombo Mine, Tanzania

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2004 Dec, p123

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,58

3,58

colour change from blue (in daylight) to violet (tungsten light)

41.65ct

inert

bluish-green

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1993 Mar, p43-45

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,59

3,59

light red

Mogok, Myanmar

3.34ct

broad absorption below 420nm ; lines at 684, 686nm

weak red

strong red

GIA Gem Database  34613

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,59

3,59

orangy red

Myanmar

9.98ct

broad absorption below 440nm and between 520-550nm

very weak red

very weak red

GIA Gem Database  34664

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,6

3,6

red

Mogok, Myanmar

10.94ct

broad absorption below 440nm and between 520-550nm , lines at 684, 686nm

weak red

strong red

GIA Gem Database  34618

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,59

3,59

light red

Mogok, Myanmar

11.21ct

broad absorption below 420nm and above 680nm

inert

weak green

GIA Gem Database  34610

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,59

3,59

blue

Sri Lanka

1.38ct

broad absorption between 590-610, 620-640, lines at 460, 480, 553nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  34903

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,63

3,63

violetish purple

Ratnapura, Sabaragamuwa, Sri Lanka

7.98ct

broad absorption below 420nm , line at 460nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  34922

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,58

3,58

red-purple

Ratnapura, Sabaragamuwa, Sri Lanka

8.10ct

broad absorption below 420nm

inert

strong red

GIA Gem Database  34925

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,6

3,6

greenish blue

Sri Lanka

8.29ct

broad absorption between 540-555, 560-610, 620-640, and above 680nm, lines at 460, 480nm

inert

strong red

GIA Gem Database  34907

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,69

3,69

blue

Madagascar

ACAM lab  4897

Spinel

1,715

1,715

3,6

3,6

light purple

Luc Yen, Vietnam

3.6ct, heat treated

inert

inert

ACAM lab  4754

Spinel

1,715

1,715

unusual yellowish green

2.54ct

strong green

strong green

Gems & Gemology 2016 Summer, p194-195

Spinel

1,716

1,719

3,59

3,64

violet to grayish violet, purplish violet, bluish violet, blue, purple to reddish purple, pink, greenish blue, orange

Ilakaka, Madagascar

Fe and/or Co (625nm), Cr

Gems & Gemology 2000 Summer, p169

Spinel

1,716

1,753

3,6

4,05

green and bluish green

Elahera, Sri Lanka

455, 470nm

inert

inert

Gems & Gemology 1986 Summer, p87

Spinel

1,716

1,72

3,54

3,63

blue, violet

Madagascar

The Journal of Gemmology 2001 Vol27, N°7,p385-394

Spinel

1,716

1,718

3,57

3,6

red

two broad bands at 540 and 400nm

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1996 Dec, p154

Spinel

1,716

1,716

red

149.92ct

chalky

intens red

The Journal of Gemmology 1992 Vol23, N°4, p215

Spinel

1,716

1,716

3,59

3,59

red

Mogok, Myanmar

4.54ct

broad absorption below 430nm and between 520-560nm, line at 684, 686nm

very weak red

strong red

GIA Gem Database  33502

Spinel

1,716

1,716

3,67

3,67

light reddish purple

Ratnapura, Sabaragamuwa, Sri Lanka

9.39ct

inert

weak green

GIA Gem Database  34915

Spinel

1,716

1,716

3,6

3,6

blue

Sri Lanka

11.44ct

broad absorption below 420 and above 680nm, lines at 460, 476, 560nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33534

Spinel

1,716

1,716

3,61

3,61

violet

Sri Lanka

13.71ct

broad absorption below 420, lines at 460, 476nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33526

Spinel

1,716

1,716

3,6

3,6

blue

Sri Lanka

19.31ct

broad absorption below 420, lines at 460, 476nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33535

Spinel

1,716

1,716

3,5

3,57

blue

Khuoi Ngan, Vietnam

Co-bearing; chelsea filter: red; 0.24 to 0.80 ct

Gems & Gemology 2011 Winter, p328

Spinel

1,716

1,716

3,82

3,82

pinkish red

Tanzania

0.25ct

red

strong red

ACAM lab  2274

Spinel

1,716

1,72

3,56

3,6

red

Lang Chap (Tan Huong-Truc Lau), Luc Yen, Yen Bai Province, Vietnam

inert to faint: red

weak to medium: red

The Journal of Gemmology 2012 Vol 33, N°1-4, p19-27

Spinel

1,716

1,716

colour change from pinkish purple with day light to purplish pink under incandescent light

7.23ct

moderate chalky yellowish green

Gems & Gemology 1984 Winter, p232-233

Spinel

1,717

1,717

3,59

3,59

orangy red

Mogok, Myanmar

9.33ct

broad absorption below 450nm and between 520-560nm, lines at 684, 686

very weak red

moderate red

GIA Gem Database  33512

Spinel

1,717

1,717

3,59

3,59

red-orange

Hunza Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan region, Pakistan

3.43ct

broad absorption below 440nm and between 520-560nm

very weak red

moderate red

GIA Gem Database  33506

Spinel

1,717

1,717

3,59

3,59

greyish blue

Sri Lanka

4.67ct

broad absorption below 420nm, line at 460nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33521

Spinel

1,717

1,717

3,59

3,59

red-orange

Mogok, Myanmar

5.72ct

broad absorption below 460nm and between 510-560nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33508

Spinel

1,717

1,717

3,59

3,59

light purplish red

Sri Lanka

6.65ct

very weak red

moderate red

GIA Gem Database  33492

Spinel

1,717

1,717

3,62

3,62

violetish purple

Sri Lanka

13.52ct

broad absorption below 420 and between 540-560, lines at 460, 480nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  34914

Spinel

1,717

1,72

3,54

3,59

blue

cobalt diffusion treated; chelsea filter: strong smudgy red color reaction along healed fissures

strong cobalt-related absorption bands around 550-630 nm  plus iron bands around 450-480 nm

inert to weak chalky pinkish orange

inert to strong red

The Gem and Jewelry Institute of Thailand - Lab Notes 2016 29 Nov

Spinel

1,717

1,719

3,58

3,62

 greyish to greenish blue to violet to purple

Mozambique

7 stones, 1.20ct to 3.83ct

The Journal of Gemmology 2018 36(2), p 104-105

Spinel

1,718

1,728

3,58

3,62

blue, greenish blue, violet

Elahera, Sri Lanka

455, 470nm

inert

inert

Gems & Gemology 1986 Summer, p87

Spinel

1,718

1,718

3,6

3,6

red

Mogok, Myanmar

0.35 - 3.52 ct

broad absorption in the green region, line at 684nm

weak te moderate red

weak te moderate red

Gems & Gemology 2010 summer, p154

Spinel

1,718

1,718

3,59

3,59

orangy red

Mogok, Myanmar

4.27ct

broad absorption below 440nm and between 520-560nm

inert

moderate red

GIA Gem Database  33510

Spinel

1,718

1,718

3,61

3,61

dark violetish blue

Mogok, Myanmar

5.70ct

broad absorption below 420nm and above 680nm, lines at 460, 480, 555nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  34605

Spinel

1,718

1,718

3,61

3,61

dark blue

Sri Lanka

5.42ct

broad absorption below 420nm, lbetween 545-555nm, 565-605nm, 620-640nm, lines at 460, 476nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33541

Spinel

1,718

1,718

3,64

3,64

pinkish red

Mogok, Myanmar

0.7ct

Cr lines

red

strong red

ACAM lab  4443

Spinel

1,718

1,718

3,6

3,6

bicoloured : blue and red

14.60ct

inert

red portion : medium red, blue portion : inert

Gems & Gemology 2012 Winter, p304

Spinel

1,718

1,718

3,66

3,66

violetish blue

Mozambique

1.37ct

The Journal of Gemmology 2018 36(2), p 104-105

Spinel

1,718

1,72

3,6

3,65

bright blue

Mahenge region, Tanzania

cobalt bearing

inert to weak green

moderate green

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2022 3-4, p58

Spinel

1,718

1,72

3,6

3,65

bright blue

Mahenge region, Tanzania

cobalt bearing

inert to weak green

moderate green

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 2022 3-4, p58

Spinel

1,719

1,719

3,62

3,62

Mogok, Myanmar

10.42ct

broad absorption below 440nm and between 520-560nm and above 680nm

weak red

strong red

GIA Gem Database  34592

Spinel

1,719

1,719

3,63

3,63

blue

Sri Lanka

0.68ct

broad absorption between 540-555, 570-610, 620-640 and above 680, lines at 460, 480

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  34904

Spinel

1,719

1,719

3,59

3,59

dark pink purple

26.73ct, showing indications of heating

thin absorption bands near 680 nm, with fine absorption lines near 670 nm

inert

very weak red

Gems & Gemology 2014 Winter, p297-298

Spinel

1,721

1,721

3,65

3,65

reddish purple

Sri Lanka

2.50ct

broad absorption below 420nm, between 540-560nm, between 570-600nm, lines at 460-480nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  34923

Spinel

1,722

1,722

3,69

3,69

Sri Lanka

1.78 ct

Co

inert

inert

ACAM lab  2279

Spinel

1,728

1,728

3,73

3,73

colour change from purplish brown (in daylight) to milky pink (artificial light)

80% spinel, 14.74% gahnite, 3.16% hercynite, 2.10% galaxite; probably heat treated

Fe and Mn

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1992 Dec, p151-152

Spinel

1,728

1,728

3,604

3,604

dark red

Gems & Gemology 1962 Fall, p345

Spinel

1,73

1,734

3,592

3,592

pink to violet, colour change effect (violet-blue in daylight, violet-pink in incandescent light)

Goron Deposit, Shakhdara Range, Khorog Region, Pamir Mts, Viloyati Mukhtori Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan

The Journal of Gemmology 2012 Vol 33, N°1-4, p15-18

Spinel

1,738

1,738

3,91

3,91

dark blue

Hunza Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan region, Pakistan

4.11ct

broad absorption below 440nm and above 680nm; lines at 460, 476, 560, 595nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33532

Spinel

1,742

1,742

3,91

3,91

very dark blue

Sri Lanka

3.73ct

broad absorption below 420nm, between 545-555nm, between 565-605nm, and above 630nm lines at 460, 476nm

inert

inert

GIA Gem Database  33545

Spinel

1,762

1,772

3,79

3,82

black

Nayarit State, Mexico

14.05 and 20.17 ct

Gems & Gemology 2002 Spring, p98

Spinel

1,765

1,765

3,93

3,93

black

Mexico

opaque, mixture of spinel and hercynite (ceylonite-pleonast)

no distinct absorption features

inert

inert

Gems & Gemology 1993 Fall, p212-213

Pleonast - spinel

1,782

1,782

3,86

3,86

black

13.94ct, opaque

inert

inert

ACAM lab  4890

Pleonast - spinel

1,785

1,789

3,82

3,91

black

Thailand

76%spinel 14% hercynite 8% magnetite 1% ulvöspinel

inert

inert

The Australian Gemmologist 2008 Vol 23, N°6, p242-253

Spinel

1,794

1,794

4,54

4,54

intense green

Brazil

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft 1996 Mar, p1

Stone

RI min

RI max

Dens min

Dens max

Reference

Spinel

1.7

1.735

357

3.7

Gemology Tools Professional 2010

Ceylonite - spinel

1.71

1.735

3.55

3.7

Gemology Tools Professional 2010

Spinel

1.71

1.735

3.56

3.7

Gemmo.eu 

Spinel

1.711

1.742

3.54

3.9

Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn, 2004 

Spinel

1.711

1.724

3.55

3.63

http://www.geminterest.com 

Spinel

1.711

1.722

3.55

3.63

Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 

Spinel

1.712

1.762

3.54

3.9

Bestimmungstabellen für Edelsteine, Birgit Günther, 1981 

Spinel

1.712

1.79

3.54

3.98

Gemme, Dati per l'identificazione, P. De Stefano et al, 1993 

Spinel

1.712

1.92

3.55

4.62

http://www.gemmology.be 

Spinel

1.712

1.762

3.55

3.95

Tabellen zur Edelstein-Bestimmung, Pschichholz FGA, 1975 

Spinel

1.712

1.747

3.55

3.98

Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987 

Spinel

1.715

1.715

3.58

3.78

John Sinkakas, Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 

Spinel

1.718

1.718

3.5

4.1

Michael O'Donoghue, Gems: Their Sources, Descriptions and Identification (2006),  873pp 

Spinel

1.72

1.72

3.58

3.61

Gems, R Webster, 5th edition 1994 

Ceylonite - spinel

1.77

1.78

3.63

3.9

http://www.gemmology.be 

Ceylonite - spinel

1.77

1.78

3.63

3.9

http://www.geminterest.com 

Ceylonite - spinel

1.77

1.8

3.63

3.9

Gems, R Webster, 5th edition 1994 

Ceylonite - spinel

1.77

1.78

3.63

3.9

Tables of Gemstone Identification, Roger Dedeyne, Ivo Quintens, 2007 

Pleonast - spinel

1.78

1.78

3.8

3.8

Gemmological Tables, Ulrich Henn, 2004 

Ceylonite - spinel

3.63

3.9

John Sinkakas, Gemstone and mineral data book,1972 

Stone

Colour

Cause of colour

Reference

Spinel

blue

CO²+ and Fe²+ in tetrahedral coordination

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Spinel

bluish green

Fe³+ and Fe²+ in tetrahedral coordination

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Spinel

light blue

Fe²+ and Fe³+

Gems & Gemology Fall 2021

Spinel

orange

V³+

Gems & Gemology Fall 2021

Spinel

pink to red

Cr³+ in octahedral coordination

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Spinel

purple

Fe²+ and Fe³+

Gems & Gemology Fall 2021

Spinel

purple

CO²+ and Cr³+

Gems & Gemology Fall 2021

Spinel

violet to purple

Cr³+ in octahedral coordination and Fe²+ in tetrahedral coordination

Gems & Gemology Summer 1988

Inclusion

Stone

Reference

anatase

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

andradite

Spinel

InColor Summer 2019, p 71

ankerite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

apatite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

baddeleyite

Spinel

Joel Arem, Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, 1987

boehmite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

brucite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

calcite

Spinel

Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983

chlorite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

chondrodite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2012, Vol33, N°1-4,p22

clinohumite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

corundum

Spinel

In Color Summer 2019 p21

diaspore

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

diopside

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

dolomite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

enstatite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 200, Vol 27, N°4,p229-232

epidote

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

florencite

Spinel

InColor Summer 2019, p 44

forsterite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

geikielite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

goethite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

graphite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

halite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

hematite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

hercynite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

högbomite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

ilmenite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

lazurite

Spinel

Gems & Gemology Spring 2019, p112

limonite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

magnesite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2012, Vol33, N°1-4,p22

magnetite

Spinel

Michael O'Donoghue, Gems, 2006

marcasite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

molybdenite

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

muscovite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

orthoclase

Spinel

InColor Summer 2019, p 71

pargasite

Spinel

In Color Summer 2019 p21

periclase

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

phlogopite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

pyrite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

pyrrhotite

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

quartz

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

rutile

Spinel

E.J. Gübelin and J.I. Koivula, Photoatlas of inclusions in Gemstones, volume 2 (2005)

sillimanite

Spinel

Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft, Jun 198711-17

sulphur

Spinel

The Journal of Gemmology 2019 Vol36, N°5, p423

titanite

Spinel

Internal World of Gemstones, Gübelin, 1983

zircon

Spinel

Gemmologie, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gemmologischen Gesellschaft, 1995, Dez, p55

zoisite

Spinel

InColor Summer 2019, p 44

STONE

LOCALITIES

REFERENCE

Spinel

Pailin District

Krong Pailin (Pailin) Municipality

Cambodia

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Karur

Orissa

India

Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p213

Spinel

Tiruchirapalli District

Tamil Nadu

India

Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p213

Spinel

Ban Huay Xai (Ban Huai Sai; Ban Houei Sai) sapphire mines

Huay Xai

Bokeo

Laos

Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p213

Spinel

Betroka

Tuléar (Toliara ) Province

Madagascar

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Nanyazeik (Nayazeik; Naniazeik)

Myitkyina district

Kachin State

Myanmar

Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p213

Spinel

Ywathit deposit

Kayah State

Myanmar

The Australian Gemmologist 2010, Vol 24, N°3,Jul-Sep, p61-63

Spinel

Byant Gyi

Mogok

Mandalay

Myanmar

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Htayen Sho

Mogok

Mandalay

Myanmar

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Wan Ying

Lai Hka

Shan

Myanmar

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Wan Hat

Langhko

Shan

Myanmar

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Mong Hsauk

Yawnghwe

Shan

Myanmar

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Haputale

Badulla

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Passara

Badulla

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Avissawella

Kegalla

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Kuruwitenna

Nuwara Eliya

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Nawalapitiya

Nuwara Eliya

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Hatton

Nuwara Elyia

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Elahera

Polonnaruwa

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Kaluganga Valley

Polonnaruwa

Central Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Balangoda

Ratnapura

Sabaragamuwa province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Eheliyagoda

Ratnapura

Sabaragamuwa Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Kalawana

Ratnapura

Sabaragamuwa Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Kiriella

Ratnapura

Sabaragamuwa Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Kuruwita

Ratnapura

Sabaragamuwa Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Nivitigala

Ratnapura

Sabaragamuwa Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Rakwana

Ratnapura

Sabaragamuwa Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Ambalantota

Hambantota

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Alutgama

Kalutara

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Horana

Kalutara

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Morawaka

Matara

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Embilipitiya

Monaragala

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Kataragama

Monaragala

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Okkampitiya

Monaragala

Southern Province

Sri Lanka

Gems & Gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Muzeinaya pegmatite vein, Kukh-i-Lal (Kukhilal) gem spinel Deposit, Pyandzh River Valley

Gorno-Badakhshan District

Pamir Mts

Tajikistan

Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p213

Spinel

Goron Deposit, Shakhdara Range, Khorog Region

Pamir Mts

Viloyati Mukhtori Gorno-Badakhshan

Tajikistan

The Journal of Gemmology Vol 33/ 1-4, p15-18 (2012)

Spinel

Songea

Ruvuma Region

Tanzania

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Umba Valley

Lelatema Mts

Arusha region

Tanzania

Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31

Spinel

Magogoni

Morogoro Region

Tanzania

Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31

Spinel

Ipanko

Mahenge

Morogoro Region

Tanzania

Gems & gemology 2006 spring p 69

Spinel

Matombo

Morogoro Region

Tanzania

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Mvuha

Morogoro Region

Tanzania

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Tunduru-Songea area

Ruvuma Region

Tanzania

Gemmologie, 1997, Mar,p31

Spinel

Kwachaga

Handeni

Tanga

Tanzania

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Umba Valley

Tanga

Tanzania

Gems & gemology 2000 winter p321

Spinel

Luc Yen

Yen Bai Province

Vietnam

Gems & Gemology Fall 2010, p213

Spinel

Lang Chap (Tan Huong-Truc Lau)

Luc Yen

Yen Bai Province

Vietnam

The Journal of Gemmology 2012, Vol 33, N°1-4, p1927

Stone

Colour

Locality

Reference

SiO2

Al2O3

MnO

MgO

FeO

TiO2

CaO

Cr2O3

V2O3

Ga2O3

ZnO

CoO

NiO

Spinel

blue

Gems & Gemology 1984 Spring p41

70,9

0,03

26,66

2,11

0,03

0,22

0,02

0,07

Spinel

pinkish

Pamreso

Kenya

In Color Summer 2019 p25

70,13

29,08

0,6

0,17

0,49

0,11

Spinel

pinkish

Pamreso

Kenya

In Color Summer 2019 p25

70,81

29,01

0,5

0,32

0,46

0,11

Spinel

pink

Mansin

Myanmar

In Color Summer 2019 p25

69,79

29,38

0,02

0,13

0,61

0,06

0,01

Spinel

reddish

Mogok

Myanmar

In Color Summer 2019 p25

70,95

28,33

0,02

0,11

1,27

0,15

0,03

Spinel

pink

Mogok

Myanmar

In Color Summer 2019 p25

69,64

0,01

28,34

0,14

0,27

2,87

0,53

0,18

Spinel

reddish

Namya

Myanmar

In Color Summer 2019 p25

67,69

27,77

0,14

0,05

5,07

0,93

0,24

Spinel

pinkish

Namya

Myanmar

In Color Summer 2019 p25

70,46

28,08

0,22

1,55

0,49

0,05

Spinel

Ywathit deposit, Kayah State

Myanmar

The Australian Gemmologist, 2010, Vol24, N°3,p61-63

0,01

71,24

27,98

0,49

0,02

0,06

0,32

0,02

0,32

0,01

Spinel

red

Myarmar

Gems & Gemology 1993 Summer p95

67,24

0,01

28,17

0,41

3,09

0,38

0,05

Spinel

reddish

Paigutan

Nepal

In Color Summer 2019 p25

70,04

28,15

0,43

0,1

0,31

0,67

Spinel

plum-red

Hunza

Pakistan

Gems & Gemology 1982 Fall p138

72

27

0,7

0,1

0,25

Spinel

pale red

Hunza

Pakistan

Gems & Gemology 1982 Fall p138

72

28

0,15

0,02

0,25

0,4

Spinel

wine red

Hunza

Pakistan

Gems & Gemology 1982 Fall p138

71

0,02

27,67

0,39

0,41

Spinel

greyish red-violet

Hunza

Pakistan

Gems & Gemology 1982 Fall p138